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              <text>Everett, Dorothy.&#13;
Kean, Patricia, ed.</text>
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              <text>Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1955.</text>
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              <text>xi, 179 pp.</text>
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              <text>Background and General Criticism</text>
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              <text>Lascelles, Mary.</text>
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                <text>Essays on Middle English Literature.</text>
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                <text>Collects seven essays by Everett on topics in Middle English studies, some previously published and some unpublished, plus a "Memoir" about Everett by Mary Lascelles, and a Bibliography of Everett's publications. For two previously unpublished essays that pertain to Chaucer, see Everett's "Chaucer's Love Visions, with Particular Reference to the Parliament of Fowls" and "Troilus and Criseyde."</text>
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Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations&#13;
Style and Versification</text>
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              <text>mea; 11/14/12023</text>
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                <text>"Troilus and Criseyde."</text>
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                <text>Seeks a "fuller understanding of Chaucer's meaning," exploring the "numerous small additions, arrangements, omissions, [and] constant alterations" made in his uses of Boccaccio's "Filostrato" in TC. Focuses on the vivifying, individuating characterizations of the three main characters as they relate to "issues and forces that concern all mankind"--fate, fortune, and destiny--evoked in highly rhetorical passages and those derived from Boethius.</text>
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              <text>Essays on Middle English Literature (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1955), pp. 97-114.</text>
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              <text>Parliament of Fowls&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations&#13;
Style and Versification</text>
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                <text>Chaucer's Love Visions, with Particular Reference to the "Parliament of Fowls."</text>
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                <text>Assesses the conventionality and originality of PF in form or genre, matter, and rhetorical style, arguing that the poem is a "delicately ironical fantasy on the theme of love," both courtly and natural, presented largely through a "series of contrasts" (rhetorical "contentio"). Clarifies how Chaucer's adaptations of his sources leads up to the parliament of birds, itself a convention which he adapts from French love vision poetry and fuses with Latin and Italianate materials.</text>
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              <text>Fraser, Russell A., ed.</text>
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              <text>Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1955.</text>
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              <text>viii, 168 pp.</text>
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              <text>Chaucerian Apocrypha&#13;
Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations</text>
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                <text>The Court of Venus.</text>
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                <text>Edits (with facsimile pages) "three sixteenth-century fragments of a poetical miscellany" found in different extant manuscripts and, in early attributions, was credited to Chaucer. The Introduction explains why these attributions are inaccurate, athetizing the work from Chaucer's canon, and clarifying the nature of the fragments and their place in print history and English literary tradition. Also clarifies that "The Pilgrim's Tale," included in one of the manuscripts, was also misattributed to Chaucer.</text>
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              <text>Gesner, Carol.</text>
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              <text>Modern Language Review 50 (1955): 172-73.</text>
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              <text>Chaucer's Influence and Later Allusion&#13;
Knight and His Tale</text>
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                <text>A Note on Henry Vaughan.</text>
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                <text>Proposes an influence of KnT 1.1995 ("dirke ymaginning") on Vaughan's "The importunate Fortune, written to Doctor 'Powel' of Cantre," and accounts for Vaughan's confusion of Mars and Saturn.</text>
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              <text>Griffith, Dudley David. </text>
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              <text>Seattle, University of Washington Press, 1955.</text>
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              <text>xviii, 398 pp.</text>
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                <text>Bibliography of Chaucer, 1908-1953.</text>
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                <text>Comprehensive bibliography of Chaucer studies published between 1908-1953; some entries include brief indications of content and/or lists of book reviews. Arranged in topical categories such as Chaucer's life, works, modernizations and translations, style and versification, language, etc., along with selected studies of various social, aesthetic, and intellectual backgrounds. Lists M.A. theses and Ph.D. dissertations as well as published studies and, generally, each study is listed only once, with light cross-referencing. Contains an index of authors.</text>
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              <text>Hagopian, John V.</text>
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              <text>Literature and Psychology 5 (1955): 5-11.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851374">
              <text>Literature and Psychology 05 (1955)</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851375">
              <text>Troilus and Criseyde</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851376">
              <text>mea; 11/14/2025</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851377">
              <text>1955</text>
            </elementText>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851370">
                <text>Chaucer as Psychologist in "Troilus and Criseyde."</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851371">
                <text>Assesses the characterizations of Troilus and of Criseyde in Freudian, psychological terms--Troilus as weak-willed and perhaps the "victim of an Oedipal tie to his mother"; Criseyde, strong-willed and "adept in the psychological handling of others," particularly Troilus with "his childish submission to a woman's mother-role." Focuses on "their decision to allow Criseyde to leave Troy" in TC 4.1128-1701 as evidence that the poem presents "their complex personalities and behavior patterns" in the "first psychological novel in the English language" and a depiction rather than an analysis of emotions.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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  <item itemId="277300" public="1" featured="0">
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851380">
              <text>Jeffares, A Norman, ed.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851381">
              <text>London, New York, and Toronto: Longmans, Green, 1955. New edition, 1960.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="99">
          <name>Physical Description</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851382">
              <text>xxv, 463 pp.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851383">
              <text>Fascimiles, Editions, and Translations</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851384">
              <text>mea; 11/14/2025</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851385">
              <text>1955</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851378">
                <text>Seven Centuries of Poetry: Chaucer to Dylan Thomas.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2851379">
                <text>Anthologizes in chronological order poems and extracts from English poetry written in Britain, including selections from Chaucer in Middle English (pp. 5-8): "Now welcome, somer" (PF 680), "At the gate" (TC 5.1114-1183), and "The fresshe flour" (LGWP-F 115-24), no notes and few glosses.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="277301" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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              <text>Jones, George Fenwick.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851389">
              <text>Modern Language Quarterly 16 (1955): 3-15</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851390">
              <text>Modern Language Quarterly 16 (1955)</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851391">
              <text>Miller and His Tale&#13;
Sources,m Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2851392">
              <text>mea; 11/14/2025</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851393">
              <text>1955</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2851386">
                <text>Chaucer and the Medieval Miller.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851387">
                <text>Clarifies the typicality of Chaucer's Miller by identifying characteristics that "were commonly ascribed to millers in late-medieval literature." Like analogous miller's, he is "is red-haired, coarse-featured, socially ambitious, muscular, well-armed, vulgar, drunken, stupid, and dishonest; and he associates with the reeve." Despite "many individual traits and a convincing personality," the Miller "conforms to the medieval concept of what a miller should be."</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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  <item itemId="277302" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
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      </elementSetContainer>
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851396">
              <text>Langenfelt, Gösta.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851397">
              <text>English Studies 36 (1955): 222-27.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851398">
              <text>English Studies 36 (1955)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851399">
              <text>Boece&#13;
Former Age</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851400">
              <text>mea; 11/14/2025</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851401">
              <text>1955</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851394">
                <text>"The Noble Savage" until Shakespeare.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851395">
                <text>Cites Bo and quotes portions of "The Former Age" as evidence of medieval transmission of ancient ideas about "about the happy age before the coming of civilization."</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="277303" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851404">
              <text>Lisca, Peter.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851405">
              <text>Modern Language Notes 70 (1955): 321-24.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851406">
              <text>Modern Language Notes 70 (1955)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851407">
              <text>General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales&#13;
Cook and His Tale</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851408">
              <text>mea; 11/14/2025</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851409">
              <text>1955</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851402">
                <text>Chaucer's Gildsmen and Their Cook.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2852110">
                <text>Identifies satiric elements in the description of the Guildsmen in GP--stylistic jibes and social critique, including the association of them with the Cook, who is later identifiable as the historic Roger de Ware, of ill repute.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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  <item itemId="277304" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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          </elementContainer>
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851412">
              <text>Lumiansky, R. M. &#13;
Thurgood, Malcolm, illus.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851413">
              <text>Austin: University of Texas Press, 1955. Rpt. with additional bibliography, 1980.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="99">
          <name>Physical Description</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851414">
              <text>270 pp; 24 b&amp;w illus.</text>
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          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2851415">
              <text>Canterbury Tales--General</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851416">
              <text>mea; 11/14/2025</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851417">
              <text>1955</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2851410">
                <text>Of Sondry Folk: The Dramatic Principle in the Canterbury Tales.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851411">
                <text>Reads the CT as a sustained dramatic narrative, following the Chaucer Society order of the tales, and paying particular attention to the GP and the links among the tales. Focuses on characterization of the pilgrims, especially the Host, and their professional antagonisms, personal motives, and self-revelation. Categorizes the pilgrims by "three stages of dramatic development or three techniques of characterization: simple suiting of tale and teller; suiting of tale and teller, "plus an externally motivated dramatic situation"; and suiting of tale and teller, external dramatic motive, plus "internally motivated and extended self-revelation of which the teller is not fully aware." Includes a portrait of each character discussed, line drawings by Malcolm Thurgood.</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851420">
              <text>Madden, William A.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851421">
              <text>Mediaeval Studies 17 (1955): 173-84.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851422">
              <text>Mediaeval Studies 17 (1955)</text>
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          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851423">
              <text>Canterbury Tales--General&#13;
Tale of Sir Thopas&#13;
Tale of Melibee&#13;
Chaucer's Retraction</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2851425">
              <text>1955</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2851418">
                <text>Chaucer's Retraction and Mediaeval Canons of Seemliness.</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2851419">
                <text>Distinguishes medieval and modern notions of "seemliness"--a sociological concern distinct from legality and morality--and clarifies medieval ideas of linguistic, sartorial, aesthetic, and marital propriety in CT, observing a "gap" between what is "seemly" and what is "morally acceptable" concerning marriage. Explores standards of seemliness as they are reflected in Th and Mel, in the views of other tales expressed by Chaucer-narrator, and in Ret.</text>
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                <text>Masterplots: 510 Plots in Story from the World's Fine Literature. 2 vols.</text>
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                <text>Includes (vol. 2, pp. 1030-31) a summary of the plot and main characters of TC, categorizing it as a "Chivalric romance," and praising it as an "almost perfectly constructed narrative poem" with "effective depiction of character" that "forecast[s] the shrewd observations of human nature made in" GP.</text>
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                <text>Suggests that editors consider capitalizing "nature" in GP 1.11, arguing that Chaucer personifies Nature as "virtually the patron saint of birds" in PF.</text>
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                <text>Suggests that a portion of Dorigen's speech in FranT (5.1541-44) has wrongly been ascribed to her by various editors, indicating why it should better be assigned to the Franklin as narrator. Also suggests that the reference to a "clerk" (Fran 5.1611) by the "philosophre" is a correct reading, despite counter-suggestions by Manly and Rickert.</text>
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Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations&#13;
Manuscripts and Textual Studies</text>
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                <text>Chaucer's Summary of Statius' Thebaid II-XII.</text>
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                <text>Quotes, translates, and anatomizes the Latin "arguments" of the "books" found in Statius' "Thebaid" that underlie Cassandra's summary of the Statius' work in TC 5.1457-1533, with its twelve-line Latin summary interpolated in most TC manuscripts. Comments on manuscript witnesses, and shows that Chaucer used the arguments found in Statius as source material.</text>
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Style and Versification&#13;
Language and Word Studies</text>
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                <text>Suggests that "double meaning seems deliberate" in a pun on "lecher" and "healer" in Pluto's use of "lechour" (MerT 4.2257) when he pledges to restore January's eyesight.</text>
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              <text>Speculum 30 (1955): 444-57.</text>
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Style and Versification</text>
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                <text>Shows how the theme of common profit and the figure of tolerant Nature bridge the opposing views of the love among the high- and low-class birds in PF. Other contrastive pairs in the poem--the two sides of the gate, Priapus and Venus, etc.--anticipate the idealistic and realistic attitudes of the birds.</text>
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              <text>Speculum 30 (1955): 180-99.</text>
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Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations&#13;
Parson and His Tale</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2851474">
                <text>Chaucer's Pardoner, the Scriptural Eunuch, and the Pardoner's Tale.</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851475">
                <text>Follows W. C. Curry (1926) in understanding the Pardoner to be a eunuch, and explores the Biblical and exegetical implications of this characterization, reinforced by animal imagery, and associated with the Pauline "vetus homo" (Old Man), arguing that together they convey unregenerate cupidity, pride, and spiritual danger to those who follow the path to which he leads. Includes recurrent contrasts between the Pardoner and the Parson.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851484">
              <text>Morse, J. Mitchell.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851485">
              <text>Notes and Queries 200 (1955): 11.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851486">
              <text>Notes and Queries 200 (1955)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851487">
              <text>Clerk and His Tale&#13;
Language and Word Studies</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>mea; 11/14/2025</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851489">
              <text>1955</text>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851482">
                <text>Chaucer: A Meaning of "Philosophye."</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851483">
                <text>Considers "Of Aristotle and his commentators and disciples" to be the "most worthy" of several possible meanings of "Aristotle and his philosophye" in the description of the Clerk's books in GP 1.295.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="277314" public="1" featured="0">
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851492">
              <text>Muscatine, Charles.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851493">
              <text>Modern Language Notes 70 (1955): 169-72.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851494">
              <text>Modern Language Notes 70 (1955)</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851495">
              <text>Friar and His Tale&#13;
Language and Word Studies&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851496">
              <text>mea; 11/14/2025</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851497">
              <text>1955</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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      </elementContainer>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851490">
                <text>The Name of Chaucer's Friar.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851491">
                <text>Suggests that the Friar's name, "Huberd" (GP 1.269), "may be an ironic literary allusion, to Hubert 'l'escoufle,' the kite, a bird of prey, and a lewd cleric and confessor in the Old French poems of the 'Renart' tradition."</text>
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          </element>
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      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="277315" public="1" featured="0">
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="24">
      <name>ChaucerItem2</name>
      <description>Items for the Chaucer Database</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851500">
              <text>Owen, Charles A., Jr.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851501">
              <text>Journal of English and Germanic Philology 54 (1955): 104-10.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851502">
              <text>Journal of English and Germanic Philology 54 (1955)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851503">
              <text>Canterbury Tales--General&#13;
Manuscripts and Textual Studies&#13;
Merchant and His Tale</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851504">
              <text>mea, 11/14/2025</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851505">
              <text>1955</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851498">
                <text>The "Canterbury Tales": Early Manuscripts and Relative Popularity.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851499">
                <text>Questions Germaine Dempster's 1948 suggestions about the production of "manuscripts postulated as heads of genetic groups" and lines of descent for CT witnesses, offering several alternative explanations. Includes attention to the change of ink in the Hengwrt manuscript at MerT 4.2318, and offers surmises about the relative popularity of individual tales in early reception history.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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  <item itemId="277316" public="1" featured="0">
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="24">
      <name>ChaucerItem2</name>
      <description>Items for the Chaucer Database</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851508">
              <text>Owen, Charles A., Jr.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851509">
              <text>College English 16 (1955): 226-32.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851510">
              <text>College English 16 (1955)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851511">
              <text>Canterbury Tales--General&#13;
Shipman and His Tale&#13;
Language and Word Studies&#13;
Style and Versification</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851512">
              <text>mea; 11/14/2025</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851513">
              <text>1955</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851506">
                <text>Morality as a Comic Motif in the Canterbury Tales.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851507">
                <text>Identifies the "contrast between surface respectability and corrupt motive [as] the keenest source of the comedy" in ShT, and suggests that there is a pun on "cozen" and "cousin." Explores similar contrasts and other devices in CT that produce comic irony rather instead of moral assertion: suggestive imagery and juxtaposition, the "simplicity" of the CT narrator, "double exposure, first of the pilgrim, then indirectly of the futility of overt moral stricture," and self-exposing conflicts between sets of pilgrims.</text>
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  <item itemId="277317" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
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      </elementSetContainer>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="24">
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851516">
              <text>Parker, Elinor, ed.&#13;
David, Ismar, illus.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851517">
              <text>New York: Crowell, 1955.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851518">
              <text>Clerk and His Tale&#13;
Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851519">
              <text>mdea; 11/14/2025</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2851520">
              <text>1955</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851514">
                <text>100 Poems About People.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851515">
                <text>Anthologizes a selection of poetic characterizations or descriptions of people, historical and fictional, from English poetry. Includes the GP description of the Clerk (1.285-309), in Frank Ernest Hill's 1930 translation.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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