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Sartorial Signs in Troilus and Criseyde
Hodges, Laura F.
Chaucer Review 35: 223-58, 2001.
Chaucer employs "costume signs" in TC, affecting plot and characterization. Signature costumes assigned to each character shed light on significant parts of the plot, as do the reversal and degeneration of costume patterns. Characterization through…
Sartorial Strategies: Outfitting Aristocrats and Fashioning Conduct in Late Medieval Literature
Smith, Nicole D.
Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 2012.
Studies clothing in imaginative literature, arguing that writers of romances redirect the negative depictions of the courtly body found in clerical chronicles and penitential writings into positive images that convey virtue. While religious and…
Satan the Fowler.
Koonce, Benjamin G., Jr.
Mediaeval Studies 21 (1959): 176-84.
Describes the "traditional Christian" symbolism that underlies the fowler/bird and winter/spring imagery in LGWP 125-39, identifying biblical roots, exegetical commentary, and literary examples that precede Chaucer, suggesting that the "alert…
Satan: The Early Christian Tradition
Russell, Jeffrey Burton.
Ithaca, N.Y., and London: Cornell University Press, 1981.
Deals chiefly with Patristic and Gnostic traditions.
Satire
Ogborn, Jane, and Peter Buckroyd.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
An introduction to satire for classroom use, directed at university students and focusing on English literature from Chaucer to Carol Ann Duffy; concerned with definitions, social contexts, and the transaction between reader and text. The discussion…
Satire and Regionalism: The Reeve and His Tale
Garbáty, Thomas Jay.
Chaucer Review 8.1 (1973): 1-8.
Identifies the "compound humor" of the "geographic dialect" material in RvT and the GP description of the Reeve, where he is depicted as an "immigrant" from Norfolk to London and thereby the butt of humor for indigenous Londoners.
Satire from Aesop to Buchwald
Kiley, Frederick, and J. M. Shuttleworth, eds.
New York: Odyssey, 1971.
An anthology of examples, arranged chronologically, of literary, social, and political satires; includes a prose translation (by Robert Lumiansky) of PardPT, with a brief introduction.
Satire: A Critical Anthology.
Russell, John, and Ashley Brown, eds.
New York: World Publishing, 1967.
Anthologizes samples of satire from classical to modern literature, arranged by genre (Prose and Drama, Verse, Epigrams), including modernizations (by Nevill Coghill) of FrPT and SumP under Verse. The Foreward (pp. xv-xxxiv) describes the…
Satire: Theory and Practice.
Allen, Charles A., and George D. Stephens, eds.
Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1962.
Anthologizes theoretical essays and illustrative examples of literary satire drawn from the ancients through the moderns. Designed for classroom use, with a glossary of terms, a bibliography of suggestions for further study, and an index. Includes…
Satiric Fable in English: A Critical Stydy of the Animal Tales of Chaucer, Spenser, Dryden, and Orwell
Lall, Rama Rani.
New Delhi: New Statesman Publishing Co., 1979.
The satiric fable, with oral origins among the Orientals and Greeks, is usually characterized by economy, light-heartedness, and singleness of impression. The popularity of the genre continued into the Middle Ages and beyond not only because of its…
Satirical Mind Blindness
Vermeule, Blakey
Classical and Modern Literature 22.2: 85-101, 2002
Describes the cognitive condition of "mind blindness," often associated with autism, and argues that a literary version of the condition recurs in satire, where authors use the blind spots of characters to ironically convey unstated information. Uses…
Satisfaction and Payment in Middle English Literature
Mann, Jill.
Studies in the Age of Chaucer 5 (1983): 17-48.
Both "Pearl" and ClT use comparatives for contrasts with a notion of satisfaction signified by the words "enough" and "suffisaunce." The set of related words in ClT, including "sadness," "suffraunce," "outrely," and other words of degree and…
Satura : Studies in Medieval Literature in Honour of Robert R. Raymo
Reale, Nancy M., and Ruth E. Sternglantz, eds.
Donington : Shaun Tyas, 2001.
Fourteen literary studies that range across Old English, Old French, Anglo-Latin, Middle English, and medieval Irish, Spanish, and Italian. For four essays that pertain to Chaucer, search for Satura under Alternative Title.
Saturn and Soliloquy: Henryson's Conversation with Chaucerian Free Will.
Timmis, Patrick.
Chaucer Review 51.4 (2016): 453-68.
Contends that Cresseid's maturation in Henryson's "Testament of Cresseid" includes an evolving contemplation of free will, as one finds in Boethius and in Chaucer's depiction of Troilus in TC.
Saturn in Chaucer's "Knight's Tale."
Loomis, Dorothy Bethurum.
Arno Esch, ed. Chaucer und Seine Zeit: Symposion für Walter F. Schirmer (Tübingen: Niemeyer, 1968), pp. 149-61.
Describes the neo-Platonic, Chartrian tradition in which astral influence (or determinism) includes Saturn as a figure of wisdom as well as cold, temporal destiny, suggesting that the depiction of the god/planet in "De Universitate Mundi" by Bernard…
Saturn of the Several Faces: A Survey of the Medieval Mythographic Traditions
Tinkle, Theresa.
Viator 18 (1987): 289-307.
Medieval mythographies interpret Saturn in various ways: astrologically, euhemeristically, morally, naturally, and Neoplatonically. Interpretation of Saturn in KnT should entail recognizing this complexity of influences rather than privileging only…
Saturn's Darkness
Bryant, Brantley L., et al.
Myra Seaman, Eileen A. Joy, and Nicola Masciandaro, eds. Dark Chaucer: An Assortment (Brooklyn, N. Y.: Punctum Books, 2012), pp. 13-27.
Explores the contrast between Theseus and Saturn in KnT as a metaphor for the lives of modern academic Chaucerians.
Savage Economy: The Returns of Middle English Romance.
Wadiak, Walter.
Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 2016.
Traces the evolution of the romance to the start of the sixteenth century, and its repositioning from an aristocratic genre to one that was embraced by the common audience. Claims this move marks a shift from violence in its early stages to one of…
Saving Chaucer's Troilus 'with Desir and Resoun Twight'
Ciccone, Nancy.
Neophilologus 86 : 641-58, 2002.
Critics' inability to sympathize with Troilus in TC results from their failure to recognize the "medieval practical reasoning that informs Troilus's deliberations and ultimately humanizes him." His philosophising "reflects a withdrawal from the…
Saving the Appearances: Chaucer's 'Purse' and the Fabrication of the Lancaster Claim
Strohm, Paul.
Paul Strohm, with an appendix by A.J. Prescott. Hochon's Arrow: The Social Imagination of Fourteenth-Century Texts (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992), pp. 75-94. Also in Barbara Hanawalt, ed. Chaucer's England: Literature in Historical Context (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1992), p. 21-40.
Discusses the tenuous nature of Henry's early success in usurping Richard's crown and his program of enlisting writers in support of his cause. The last stanza of Purse reflects the political assumptions that underpinned Henry's claims to the…
Say It with Poetry: Chaucer and Langland.
Adamson, Peter.
Medieval Philosophy (New York: Oxford University Press, 2019), pp. 495-501.
Comments on Chaucer's and Langland's engagements with philosophical debates of their age, especially determinism and voluntarism. Includes discussion of the tensions between KnT and MilT as Chaucer's poetic expression of philosophical concerns.
Scabs and Sovereignty in the "Franklin's Tale."
Rogers, Will.
Chaucer Review 55, no. 4 (2020): 441-61.
Traces the figure of the "sursanure" in FranT, demonstrating that this superficially healed wound is an apt metaphor for Chaucer/s soft or "sunken" sources.
Scales of Reading
Orlemanski, Julie.
Exemplaria 26 (2014): 215-33.
Uses HF, which sets "archival totality" in an uncertain relation to the experience of reading, to introduce a discussion of how in our reading "discursive systems, rather than particular texts, become objects of knowledge." Aims to theorize a…
Scales of Reading.
Orlemanski, Julie.
Exemplaria 26 (2014): 215-33.
Reads HF as an example of how a literary work constructs "discursive scale," making us self-conscious about how we read and interpret, when we read closely, and when we distance ourselves and see the text in relation to genres and systems, history,…
Scandalous Assumptions: Edith Rickert and the Chicago Chaucer Project
Scala, Elizabeth.
Medieval Feminist Forum 30: 27-37, 2000.
Assesses "gossip" about an emotional or sexual relationship between Rickert and John Matthews Manly, co-editors of "The Text of the Canterbury Tales" (1940).
