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The Girl with Two Lovers: Four Canterbury Tales
Cooper, Helen.
P. L. Heyworth, ed. Medieval Studies for J. A. W. Bennett (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981), 65-80.
KnT, MilT, MerT,and FranT share the same plot--the story of the girl with two lovers--and show striking interrelations and variations of episodes, conventions, images, and ideas.
The Order of the Tales in the Ellesmere Manuscript
Cooper, Helen.
Martin Stevens and Daniel Woodward, Eds. The Ellesmere Chaucer: Essays in Interpretation (San Marino, Calif.: Huntingon Library; Tokyo: Yushodo, 1995), pp. 245-61.
The manuscripts and internal evidence of CT indicate that those who "put the various examplars of the tales, links, and fragments in order for Ellesmere did not have any manuscript consensus to work from, and indeed, they have helped create such…
Sources and Analogues of Chaucer's 'Canterbury Tales': Reviewing the Work
Cooper, Helen.
Studies in the Age of Chaucer 19 (1997): 183-210.
An advance first chapter of a proposed revision of Bryan and Dempster's 'Sources and Analogues' (1941), in process under the editorship of Robert Correale and Mary Hamel. Cooper evaluates the relation of CT to other medieval storytelling…
Literary and Symbolic Inspiration in the Pardoner's Prologue 1924
Cooper, Helen.
Patrick Mileham, ed. Harry Mileham, 1873-1957: A Catalogue. His Life and Works, with a Selection of Paintings, Designs, and Sketches (Paisley: University of Paisley, 1995), pp. 45-47.
Comments on Harry Mileham's painting of the Canterbury pilgrims, depicted in a tavern during the telling of PardPT. Mileham is sensitive to literary and historical detail, derived especially from GP and the Ellesmere illustrations. The painting…
Averting Chaucer's Prophecies: Miswriting Mismetering, and Misunderstanding
Cooper, Helen.
Vincent P. McCarren and Douglas Moffat, eds. A Guide to Editing Middle English (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1998), pp. 79-93.
Describes the problems of editing Chaucer's works (especially CT), observing that modern editions tend to ignore them.
Jacobean Chaucer: 'The Two Noble Kinsmen' and Other Chaucerian Plays
Cooper, Helen.
Theresa M. Krier, ed. Refiguring Chaucer in the Renaissance (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1998), pp. 189-209.
Renaissance dramatic adaptations of Chaucer's works often resolve tensions left reverberating in his narratives (e.g.,John Fletcher's "Women Pleased" and WBT; Fletcher's "Four Plays" and FranT). But Fletcher and Shakespeare's "Two Noble Kinsmen"…
The Four Last Things in Dante and Chaucer : Hugolino and the House of Rumour
Cooper, Helen.
New Medieval Literatures 3: 39-66, 1999.
Assesses Chaucer's relation to Dante as one of "palpable disbelief" in the Italian's claims for authority about the afterlife and God's judgments. In MkT and HF, Chaucer adapts Dante to establish a more worldly and more skeptical sense of poetry.…
Responding to the Monk
Cooper, Helen.
Studies in the Age of Chaucer 22: 425-33, 2000.
Critical response to essays on MkT by Ann W. Astell, Terry Jones, Henry Ansgar Kelly, Stephen Knight, and Richard Neuse.
Welcome to the House of the Dead. 600 Years Dead : Chaucer's Deserved Reputation as 'The Father of English Poetry'
Cooper, Helen.
Times Literary Supplement (London), Oct. 27, pp 3-4, 2000.
Cooper surveys Chaucer's linguistic and poetic innovations, emphasizing that his rewritings of classical, French, and Italian models were "far from being acts of homage." Chaucer may have thought of himself as a literary heir, but he was an…
Joyce's Other Father: The Case for Chaucer
Cooper, Helen.
Lucia Boldrini, ed. Medieval Joyce (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2002), pp. 143-63.
Joyce was re-reading CT while revising Ulysses. Chaucerian influence extends beyond allusion to parallels of linguistic conception, encyclopedic reference, and form. The works share elements of tone, a sense of place among the great works of…
Chaucer's Self-Fashioning
Cooper, Helen.
PoeticaT 55: 55-74, 2002.
Chaucer's "doubleness" in critical tradition results from combinations of self-deprecation and extravagant claims to poetic authority in his works. In 1592, Robert Greene depicted Chaucer as short, whereas the frontispiece of Speght's 1598 edition…
A Chaucerian Year
Cooper, Helen.
Penguin Classics Essays. <http://us.penguinclassics.com/static/cs/us/10/essays/chaucer.html>. 10 July 2002.
Month-by-month (April to March) commentary on the significance of dates and months in Chaucer's life and works, with occasional quotations. Initial version posted April 2001. An addendum includes the transcript of a "Question and Answer Session" with…
Chaucerian Representation
Cooper, Helen.
Robert G. Benson and Susan J. Ridyard, eds. New Readings of Chaucer's Poetry (Rochester, N.Y., and Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 2003), pp. 7-30.
Surveys the evolution of critical appropriations and pictorial representations of Chaucer from the fifteenth to the twenty-first centuries, suggesting that oversimplifications of Chaucer recur because he is so deeply concerned with the generative…
After Chaucer
Cooper, Helen.
Studies in the Age of Chaucer 25: 3-24, 2003.
Comments on Chaucer as a translator (especially his adaptations of Dante in HF and MkT) and on the reception of his works over time as a legacy of translating and adapting him. Cooper details Chaucer's influence and adaptations of his works in the…
Chaucerian Poetics
Cooper, Helen.
Robert G. Benson and Susan J. Ridyard, eds. New Readings of Chaucer's Poetry (Rochester, N.Y., and Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 2003), pp. 31-50.
The Anglo-French duality of Chaucer's literary roots underlies the complexity of his representations of the self and others. In this light, HF should likely be dated later than it traditionally is.
The English Romance in Time : Transforming Motifs from Geoffrey of Monmouth to the Death of Shakespeare
Cooper, Helen.
New York and Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2004.
The motifs of medieval romances continued to be familiar in Tudor-Stuart England, although their meanings and the ways they were understood changed in time. Cooper traces a broad variety of romance motifs--quest, pilgrimage, encounters with fairies,…
Textual Variation and the Alliterative Tradition : Canterbury Tales I.2602-2619, the D Group and Takamiya MS 32
Cooper, Helen.
Takami Matsuda, Richard A. Linenthal, and John Scahill, eds. The Medieval Book and a Modern Collector: Essays in Honour of Toshiyuki Takamiya (Cambridge: Brewer; Tokyo: Yushodo, 2004), pp. 71-80.
Examines manuscript variants in KnT 1.2616-17 in relation to Chaucer's awareness of alliterative tradition and its lexicon, suggesting that "hurtleth" is preferable to "hurteth" at 2616 and that "born" (D Group) for "hurt" at 2617 may have been…
Geoffrey Chaucer (ca. 1342-1400)
Cooper, Helen.
Richard K. Emmerson and Sandra Clayton-Emmerson, eds. Key Figures in Medieval Europe: An Encyclopedia (New York: Routledge, 2006), pp. 131-35.
An introduction to Chaucer and his works, with attention to his sources and influences. Includes a brief bibliography.
Shakespeare and the Middle Ages: Inaugural Lecture Delivered at the University of Cambridge, 29 April 2005
Cooper, Helen.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Explores the continuities of the Middle Ages and Renaissance, emphasizing the inventiveness of the Middle Ages and the rootedness of the Renaissance in medieval traditions, focusing on drama and on Shakespeare in particular. Recurrent references to…
Love Before Troilus
Cooper, Helen.
Helen Cooney, ed. Writings on Love in the English Middle Ages (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006), pp. 25-43.
Before TC and KnT, most romances in England were Anglo-Norman and largely uninfluenced by the conventions of courtly love and the Petrarchan tradition. The reputation of Chaucer's works overshadows that of these other works and their more practical…
London and Southwark Poetic Companies: 'Si tost c'amis' and the Canterbury Tales
Cooper, Helen.
Ardis Butterfield, ed. Chaucer and the City (Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 2006), pp. 109-28.
Cooper discusses the poetic confraternities called "puys," devoted to competitive writing of poetry. An edition and translation of Renaud de Hoiland's "Si tost c'amis" serves as an example of the kind of civil performance being rejected by the…
Poetic Fame
Cooper, Helen.
Brian Cummings and James Simpson, eds. Cultural Reformations: Medieval and Renaissance in Literary History (New York: Oxford University Press), pp. 361-78.
Cooper argues that, despite his own skepticism about fame, Chaucer was the "model of fame" in fifteenth- and sixteenth-century England. Comments on Chaucer's appeal to humanists, to Protestants, and to Catholics and on Chaucer's role as "father" of…
Shakespeare and the Medieval World
Cooper, Helen.
London: Arden, 2010.
Analyzes the influence of medieval culture and Chaucer on Shakespeare. Reveals how Shakespeare relied on Chaucer's language and verse forms for "The Two Noble Kinsmen."
Literary Reformations of the Middle Ages
Cooper, Helen.
Andrew Galloway, ed. The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Culture (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011), pp. 261-78.
Surveys Chaucer's works and literary importance.
The Ends of Storytelling
Cooper, Helen.
Charlotte Brewer and Barry Windeatt, eds. Traditions and Innovations in the Study of Middle English Literature: The Influence of Derek Brewer (Woodbridge: Boydell and Brewer, 2013), pp. 188-201.
Addresses the importance of storytelling, and the "sheer power of narrative" in CT. In particular, argues that CT is "not an allegory," and that Chaucer plays with time by putting ParsT and Ret at the end, which reinforces the fact that "there is…
