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              <text>Williams, George.</text>
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                <text>Challenges the notion that a documented rental fee paid by Chaucer may be related to the date of his birth.</text>
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              <text>Toyama, Shigehiko.</text>
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              <text>Studies in English Literature 36.2 (1960): 273-85.</text>
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                <text>The Humour of Chaucer.</text>
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                <text>Studies Chaucer's GP description of the Prioress, focusing on how he uses and adapts conventions of romance, style, and detail to produce humor.</text>
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              <text>Strang, Barbara M. H.</text>
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              <text>Notes and Queries 205 (1960): 207-8.</text>
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              <text>mea; 3/31/22</text>
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                <text>Who Is the Old Man in "The Pardoner's Tale"?</text>
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                <text>Investigates the "portentous inexplicableness" of the Old Man in PardT, and suggests he is allegorical, even though no specific meaning is clear.</text>
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              <text>Storms, G.&#13;
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              <text>English Studies 41 (1960): 305-8.</text>
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              <text>English Studies 41 (1960)</text>
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              <text>1960</text>
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                <text>A Note on Chaucer's Pronunciation of French "u."</text>
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                <text>Offers evidence (rhymes and phonetic patterns in English and French) to indicate "Chaucer having pronounced 'iu' in French loanwords, with the stress on the first element of the diphthong." Further this "'iu' coalesced with earlier 'ew', 'iw', and, later on, developed into the rising diphthong 'jū' of 'new', 'knew' and 'due'."</text>
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              <text>Steadman, John M.</text>
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              <text>Modern Language Notes 75.1 (1960): 4-8.</text>
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Language and Word Studies&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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              <text>mea; 3/31/22</text>
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                <text>Simkin's Camus Nose: A Latin Pun in the "Reeve's Tale"?</text>
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                <text>Suggests that the miller's name in RvT, Simkin, puns on Latin "simus," meaning "snub-nosed," offering classical examples of similar wordplay and identifying characters with similar names in classical comedy.</text>
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              <text>Steadman, John M.</text>
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              <text>Archiv für das Studium der Neuren Sprachen und Literaturen 197 (1961): 16-18.</text>
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              <text>Archiv für das Studium der Neuren Sprachen und Literaturen 197 (1961)</text>
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Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations&#13;
Language and Word Studies</text>
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                <text>"Goddes Boteler" and "Stellifye" ("The Hous of Fame," 581, 592)</text>
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                <text>Offers evidence that "goddes boteler" was a "conventional epithet for Ganymede" and that the "most probable source" for Chaucer's of the phrase in HF and for his use of "stellifye" in the same context is Petrus Berchorius's moralization of Ovid.</text>
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              <text>PMLA 75 (1960): 153-59.</text>
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              <text>House of Fame&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Chaucer's Eagle: A Contemplative Symbol.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2838703">
                <text>Considers the eagle of HF "in the light of medieval expositions of the soaring eagle as an image of the flight of thought," focusing on the bird as an "intellectual symbol" and its flight as an "act of contemplation" as seen in Gregory's "Moralia in Job" and its commentaries, commentaries on Dante's "Comedy," and commentaries on the opening of Book IV of Boethius's "Consolation of Philosophy," Chaucer's immediate source for the image.</text>
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  <item itemId="275818" public="1" featured="0">
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              <text>Sloane, William.</text>
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              <text>Notes and Queries 205 (1960): 220-22.</text>
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              <text>Notes and Queries 205 (1960)</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838699">
              <text>Chaucer's Life&#13;
Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations</text>
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              <text>mea; 3/20/22</text>
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                <text>Chaucer, Milton, and the Reverend William Stukeley, M.D.</text>
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                <text>Identifies three references in the correspondence and diary of Reverend Stukeley to a portrait (or portraits) of Chaucer and to a proposed edition of the poet's works.</text>
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  <item itemId="275817" public="1" featured="0">
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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              <text>Siegel, Paul N.</text>
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              <text>Boston University Studies in English 4 (1960): 114-20.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838690">
              <text>Boston University Studies in English 04 (1960)</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2838691">
              <text>Miller and His Tale</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838692">
              <text>mea; 3/30/22</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2838693">
              <text>1960</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2838686">
                <text>Comic Irony in "The Miller's Tale."</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2838687">
                <text>Locates comic irony in several religious references and allusions in MilT, especially as they help to characterize Alison, Nicholas, and Absolon; the "final irony" is that the Miller is himself unaware of this irony.</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2838679">
              <text>Schoeck, Richard J., and Jerome Taylor, eds.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2838680">
              <text>Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 1960.</text>
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        <element elementId="99">
          <name>Physical Description</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2838681">
              <text>x, 310 pp.</text>
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        <element elementId="112">
          <name>Contributor</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838682">
              <text>Taylor, Jerome, ed.</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838683">
              <text>Background and General Criticism</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838684">
              <text>mea; 3/30/22</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2838685">
              <text>1960</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2838677">
                <text>Chaucer Criticism, Volume I: "The Canterbury Tales."</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2838678">
                <text>Reprints two poems about Chaucer (by e. e. cummings and Henry Wordsworth Longfellow) and fifteen twentieth-century essays or excerpts on CT by various authors, plus one previously unpublished essay: Paul E. Beichner's "Characterization in the "Miller's Tale."</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838671">
              <text>Schanzer, Ernest.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838672">
              <text>Notes and Queries 205 (1960): 335-36.</text>
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          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838673">
              <text>Notes and Queries 205 (1960)</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838674">
              <text>Legend of Good Women&#13;
Chaucer's Influence and Later Allusion&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838675">
              <text>mea; 3/30/22</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838676">
              <text>1960</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2838669">
                <text>"Antony and Cleopatra" and "The Legend of Good Women."</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2838670">
                <text>Argues that the Cleopatra legend in LGW is the source of details in Shakespeare's "Antony and Cleopatra." Also argues that Chaucer derived information about Cleopatra's marriage to her brother(s) from Vincent of Beauvais' "Speculum Historiale," not from Boccaccio.</text>
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  <item itemId="275814" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838663">
              <text>Renoir, Alain.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838664">
              <text>Studia Neophilologica 32 (1960): 14-17.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2838665">
              <text>Studia Neophilologica 32 (1960)</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838666">
              <text>Troilus and Criseyde</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838667">
              <text>mea; 3/30/22</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2838668">
              <text>1960</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2838661">
                <text>Thebes, Troy, Criseyde, and Pandarus: An Instance of Chaucerian Irony.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2838662">
                <text>Argues that medieval connections between stories of the sieges of Thebes and of Troy make the reference to Thebes at TC 2.83-84 a "masterstroke of supreme irony": directed at both Criseyde and Pandarus, the irony complicates aspects of predestination in TC and "almost nullifies the concept of time in a quasi-Boethian manner."</text>
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  <item itemId="275813" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2838655">
              <text>Randall, Dale B. J.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2838656">
              <text>Philological Quarterly 39 (1960): 131-32.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838657">
              <text>Philological Quarterly 39 (1960)</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838658">
              <text>Chaucer's Influence and Later Allusion&#13;
Friar and His Tale</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="109">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838659">
              <text>mea; 3/30/22</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838660">
              <text>1960</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2838653">
                <text>A 1613 Chaucer Allusion.</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2838654">
                <text>Identifies a citation of Chaucer's Friar and confession in Book 5.15 of Samuel Purchas's "Puchas His Pilgrimage" (1613).</text>
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          </element>
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  <item itemId="275812" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2838647">
              <text>Presson, Robert K.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838648">
              <text>Notes and Queries 205 (1960): 17-18.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838649">
              <text>Notes and Queries 205 (1960)</text>
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Parliament of Fowls</text>
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              <text>mea; 3/30/22</text>
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                <text>The Conclusion of "Love's Labour's Lost."</text>
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                <text>Suggests that the year-long delay in marriages at the end of Shakespeare's "Love's Labour's Lost" may have been influenced by the similar delay in PF.</text>
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              <text>Journal of English and Germanic Philology 59 (1960): 208-11.</text>
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              <text>Reeve and His Tale&#13;
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              <text>mea; 3/30/22</text>
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                <text>Symkyn Koude "Turne Coppes": "Reeve's Tale" 3928.</text>
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                <text>Adduces an historical account from 1862 concerning a drinking game that involves turning over cups to suggest that "turne coppes" at RvT 1.3928 may indicate Symkyn caroused in similar fashion. </text>
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              <text>Lillian B. Lawler, Dorothy M. Robathan, and William C. Korfmacher, eds. Studies in Honor of Ullman: Presented to Him on the Occasion of His Seventy-Fifth Birthday (St. Louis: The Classical Bulletin, St. Louis University, 1960), pp. 18-25.</text>
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Robathan, Dorothy M., ed.&#13;
Korfmacher, William C. ed.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838634">
              <text>Monk and His Tale&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations&#13;
Manuscripts and Textual Studies</text>
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              <text>mea; 3/30/22</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838636">
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                <text>Chaucer and the Pillars of Hercules.</text>
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                <text>Considers "some unnoticed passages" that shed light on Chaucer's references to "Trophee" and the Pillars of Hercules (MkT 7.2117-18), identifying no specific source but showing that parallel information was available in medieval accounts such as the Irish "Togail Troi" and John Ridewell's commentary on Walter Map's "Epistola Valerii ad Rufinum." Also discusses a gloss to MkT in the Ellesmere manuscript.</text>
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              <text>Pearce, T. M.</text>
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              <text>Notes and Queries 205 (1960): 18-19.</text>
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Parson and His Tale&#13;
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        <element elementId="114">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838627">
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>"Another Knot, Five-fingered-tied": Shakespeare's "Troilus and Cressida," V.ii.157.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2838621">
                <text>Suggests that Shakespeare's knot-image may be related to the five fingers of the devil commented upon in ParsT 10.852-60.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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              <text>Owen, Charles A., Jr.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>Mediaeval Studies 22 (1960): 366-70.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838616">
              <text>Mediaeval Studies 22 (1960)</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838617">
              <text>Troilus and Criseyde&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838618">
              <text>mea; 3/30/22</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838619">
              <text>1960</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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              <elementText elementTextId="2838612">
                <text>Significance of a Day in "Troilus and Criseyde."</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2838613">
                <text>Explores the events of a single day in the first half of Book 2 of TC, particularly changes Chaucer made to Boccaccio "Filostrato," showing how this section helps to characterize Pandarus and Criseyde. Argues that the "muted contrast" between the framing "swallows-stanza" (2.64-70) and the "nightingale-stanza" (2.918-24)--neither in Boccaccio--indicates the paradoxes of love in the poem.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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              <text>Miller, B. D. H.</text>
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              <text>Notes and Queries 205 (1960): 404-6.</text>
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              <text>Summoner and His Tale&#13;
Pardoner and His Tale&#13;
Language and Word Studies&#13;
General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838611">
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                <text>Offers examples from the "Roman de la Rose" and Deschamps' "Ballade" that the word "bourdan" had the meaning "phallus," showing that the sense would have been familiar to Chaucer when he used "stif burdoun" to describe the Summoner's singing with the Pardoner (GP 1.673).</text>
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              <text>Notes and Queries 205 (1960): 16</text>
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              <text>Parliament of Fowls&#13;
Chaucer's Influence and Later Allusion&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838603">
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              <elementText elementTextId="2838596">
                <text>Chaucer in the Queen Mab Speech.</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2838597">
                <text>Justifies accepting PF 99-105 as the more likely immediate source of Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet" 1.4.70-88 than Claudian's "De Sextu Consultat Honorii Augusti," Preface, 3-10, the ultimate source of both English texts.</text>
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              <text>Maveety, Stanley R.</text>
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              <text>CLA Journal 4.2 (1960): 132-37.</text>
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              <text>Nun's Priest and His Tale&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations&#13;
Style and Versification</text>
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              <text>mea; 3/30/22</text>
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                <text>An Approach to "The Nun's Priest's Tale."</text>
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                <text>Recommends showing students how digressive, "extra-narrative passages" in NPT "are the essence of Chaucer's intention, not obstructions." Includes discussion of contrasts between NPT and the Cock and Fox fable of Marie de France, focusing on rhetorical shifts between realistic and unrealistic elements in the narratives.</text>
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              <text>Masui, Michio.</text>
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              <text>Studies in English Literature, English Number (1960): 1-36.</text>
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              <text>Troilus and Criseyde&#13;
Book of the Duchess&#13;
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Style and Versification&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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              <text>mea; 3/30/22</text>
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                <text>The Language of Love in Chaucer.</text>
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                <text>Describes and assesses Chaucer's depictions of the expressions and psychology of love in TC, attending to diction, tone, style, and various uses and developments of the conventions of French and Italian love poetry. Focuses on the poet's successful rendering of the inner psychology of love, his uses of high style, and the "emotionalized tone of femininity" in his characterizations of both Troilus and Criseyde. Also comments on BD.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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              <text>Manning, Stephen.</text>
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              <text>Journal of English and Germanic Philology 59 (1960): 403-16.</text>
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              <text>Journal of English and Germanic Philology 59 (1960)</text>
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              <text>mea; 3/30/22</text>
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              <text>1960</text>
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                <text>The Nun's Priest's Morality and the Medieval Attitude Toward Fable.</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2838573">
                <text>Acknowledging NPT to be "a rhetorical tour de force," assesses implications of its status as a "fable," surveying medieval commentaries on the genre, particularly its ability to teach and/or delight, and commenting on the morality the Nun's Priest enjoins good men to find in his tale. Suggests that Chaucer was "poking fun" at those who thought writers must provide edifying justifications for their works.</text>
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              <text>Major, John M.</text>
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              <text>PMLA 75 (1960): 160-162.</text>
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              <text>General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales&#13;
Tale of Sir Thopas</text>
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              <text>mea; 3/30/22</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838571">
              <text>1960</text>
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                <text>The Personality of Chaucer the Pilgrim.</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Argues that "to see Chaucer the pilgrim as anyone other than a marvelously alert, ironic, facetious master of every situation is to misread" CT. Particularly in his views of churchmen and uses of superlatives, the narrator is best understood as "a kind of alter ego of the poet himself, with just so many shades of difference as allow for ironic play." Focuses on GP, but mentions Th.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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              <text>Macdonald, Dwight, ed.</text>
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              <text>New York: Random House, 1960; London: Faber and Faber, 1961.</text>
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              <text>xxii, 574 pp.</text>
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              <text>Tale of Sir Thopas&#13;
Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations&#13;
Chaucer's Influence and Later Allusion</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2838563">
              <text>1960</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2838556">
                <text>Parodies: An Anthology from Chaucer to Beerbohm--and After.</text>
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                <text>A chronological and thematic anthology of literary parodies that opens with Pr-ThL, Th, and a section of Th-MelL in Middle English as examples of parody of romance, followed by an "Imitation of Chaucer" by Alexander Pope and "A Clerk Ther Was of Cauntebrigge Also" by W. W. Skeat.</text>
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