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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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              <text>Bennett, J. A. W.</text>
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              <text>Oxford: Clarendon, 1957. 2d ed. 1965.</text>
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              <text>[ix], 217 pp.; 7 b&amp;w illus.</text>
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              <text>Parliament of Fowls&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations&#13;
Style and Versification</text>
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              <text>mea; 7/1/2024</text>
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                <text>The Parlement of Foules: An Interpretation.</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Reads PF as a thematic exploration of Christian love infused with Neoplatonic thought and imagery, and influenced by Cicero, Macrobius, Alain de Lille, John de Meun, and Dante. Demonstrates the poem's tight verbal structure and its allusiveness, assessing its central themes and images, and discussing the importance of love in Chaucer's conceptions of social and cosmic order. In PF and its tradition, love is the natural binding force of the universe, even though humans can perceive this only imperfectly.</text>
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              <text>Brewer, D. R., ed.</text>
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              <text>London and Edinburgh: Nelson, 1960.&#13;
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              <text>vii, 168 pp.</text>
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              <text>Nelson's Medieval and Renaissance Library.</text>
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              <text>Parliament of Fowls&#13;
Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations</text>
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              <text>mea; 3/15/22</text>
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              <text>1960</text>
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                <text>The Parlement of Foulys.</text>
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                <text>An edition of PF based on University of Cambridge Library MS Gg.4.27, with end-of-text textual and explanatory notes, modern punctuation, and original spelling. The Introduction (pp. 1-68) presents the poem as the "best of Chaucer's shorter poems," commenting on date and relative chronology, courtly love, structural and thematic concerns, mythological backgrounds, the birds as natural history and social representations, sources, rhetoric, style, versification, the manuscripts, and a select bibliography. A comprehensive glossary follows five appendices which offer contextualizing source and analogue materials. Re-issued in 1972 by Manchester University Press and by Barnes &amp; Noble.</text>
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              <text>McCall, John P., and George Rudisill, Jr.</text>
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              <text>Journal of English and Germanic Philology 58 (1959): 276-88.</text>
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              <text>Rudisill, Jr., George.</text>
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              <text>Troilus and Criseyde&#13;
Chaucer's Life</text>
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              <text>mea; 10/28/2023</text>
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                <text>Argues that Chaucer's personal experience of the 1386 Parliament influenced his depiction of parliamentary activity in TC (4.141ff.), detailing events of the historical parliament, Chaucer's likely feelings about it, and changes and additions Chaucer made to his sources in describing the decision of the Trojan parliament to exchange Criseyde for Antenor. Rejects the suggestion that the Revolt of 1381 influenced Chaucer's depiction, and comments on the dating of TC.</text>
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                <text>The Parliament of 1386 and Chaucer's Trojan Parliament.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2769657">
              <text>Richmond, E. B., trans.</text>
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              <text>London : Hesperus Poetry, 2004.</text>
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              <text>xv, 151 pp.</text>
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              <text>Ellis, Steve, ed.</text>
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              <text>Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations.</text>
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              <text>Parliament of Fowls.</text>
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              <text>Lyrics and Short Poems.</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 29:24</text>
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                <text>The Parliament of Birds</text>
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                <text>Facing-page translation of PF and nineteen short poems and lyrics by Chaucer, with introduction and brief notes. The translations maintain Chaucer's metrical forms and, where possible, original rhymes, while normalizing spelling and modernizing diction and syntax. Short poems include Form Age, Pity, Lady, Mars, Venus, Ros, Wom Nob, Adam, For, Truth, Gent, Sted, Scog, Buk, Purse, Prov, Wom Unc, MercB, and ABC.</text>
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              <text>Hagiwara, Fumihiko, trans.</text>
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              <text>Hakuoh Women's Junior College Journal 6.2 (1981): 19-41.</text>
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              <text>Parliament of Fowls.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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              <text>Yamanaka, Toshio.</text>
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              <text>University of Saga Studies in English 20 (1992): 69-129.</text>
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              <text>Parliament of Fowls.</text>
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              <text>University of Saga Studies in English 20 (1992).</text>
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                <text>The Parliament of Fowls: The Unity and the Narrator</text>
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                <text>The summary of "Somnium Scipionis" is closely linked with the dream, distinguishing the past narrator, who reads the "somnium" and dreams the dream, from the present narrator, who summarizes the "Somnium" and his dream. (In Japanese.)</text>
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              <text>Parliament of Fowls&#13;
Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations</text>
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                <text>Item not seen. WorldCat record indicates this is a translation of PF into Modern English verse.</text>
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                <text>Chaucer's uses of  parliamentary terminology throughout KnT, but especially in Saturn's counsel to Venus and in Theseus's "First Mover" speech,  establish a parallel between divine and human realms, revealing "the abuse of power and authority" in both and effecting a  critical assessment, in turn, of the Ricardian court and of the "norms of English political discourse."</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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                <text>The Parody of Pentecost in Chaucer's 'Summoner's Tale'</text>
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                <text>Shows that Friar John of SumT is an "exemplar" of "reversals of apostolic qualities," essential to the anti-fraternalism of the Tale, rooted in the "Roman de la Rose." The description of the division of the fart that concludes the Tale adds to this anti-fraternalism by parodying the Pentecostal visit of the Holy Spirit to the Apostles. Includes seven b&amp;w illustrations of wheel-like depictions of the Pentecost.</text>
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              <text>Lepine, David.</text>
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              <text>Stephen H. Rigby, ed., with the assistance of Alastair J. Minnis. Historians on Chaucer: The "General Prologue" to the "Canterbury Tales" (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014), pp. 334-51.</text>
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                <text>Provides historical background about the English Church in the late fourteenth century, and on several religious controversies, including the "culture of anticlerical complaint and the challenge of Wyclif and the Lollards," that contributed to Chaucer's portrait of the Parson in GP and ParsT.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>English Studies 64 (1983): 401-409.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2720345">
              <text>1983</text>
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              <text>Parson and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 07 (207)</text>
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                <text>The Parson's Amyable Tongue</text>
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                <text>The Parson offers religious and philosophical consolation by showing how sundered thought, word, and deed are conjoined in the salvific acts of contrition, confession, and satisfaction.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2715712">
              <text>Olmert, Michael.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2715713">
              <text>Chaucer Review 20 (1985): 158-68.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2715716">
              <text>Parson and His Tale.</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2715717">
              <text>Chaucer Review 20 (1985)</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2715718">
              <text>jules SAC 09 (218)</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2715711">
                <text>The Parson's Ludic Formula for Winning on the Road to Canterbury</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2715715">
                <text>Though often viewed as the most unloved of the CT, ParsT is a fitting climax to the pilgrimage; it is a handbook for the play of the ultimate "sport," the race to salvation.</text>
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              <text>Smith, Nicole D.</text>
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              <text>Studies in the Age of Chaucer 28 (2006): 117-40.</text>
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              <text>Parson and His Tale.</text>
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                <text>The Parson's Predilection for Pleasure</text>
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                <text>The indictment of fashionable male clothing in ParsT (10.422-30, "Superbia") is a "homoerotic moment" reflecting the Parson's own "scopophilic" pleasure, although the "turn to the fashionable female neutralizes any homoerotic tendency."</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2752478">
              <text>Youngs, Deborah.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>Chaucer Review 34: 207-16,   1999.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2752480">
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              <text>Manuscripts and Textual Studies.</text>
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              <text>Parson and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 23 (40)</text>
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                <text>The Parson's Tale : A Newly Discovered Fragment</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>An entry on a "boke of schrift" found in a commonplace book compiled by Cheshire gentleman Humphrey Newton (1466-1536) contains the section against swearers and flatterers from ParsT (600-21, 626-27). Humphrey perhaps chose this passage for its literary merit, its relevance to his own lifestyle, or his need for "instruction and concern for his soul." Humphrey makes no mention of Chaucer or CT.</text>
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              <text>Newhauser, Richard.</text>
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              <text>David Raybin and Linda Tarte Holley, eds. Closure in The Canterbury Tales: The Role of The Parson's Tale (Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University, 2000), pp. 45-76.</text>
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              <text>Sin: Essays on the Moral Tradition in the Western Middle Ages.</text>
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              <text>Parson and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 24 (334)</text>
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                <text>The Parson's Tale and Its Generic Affiliations</text>
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                <text>Assesses ParsT in its genre of vernacular penitential manual, demonstrating that in structure and detail it is closely affiliated with Heinrich von Langenstein's "Erchantnuzz der Sund." Similarities between these two contemporary works raise questions about the literariness of ParsT and its role as a conclusion to CT.</text>
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                <text>Reprinted in Newhauser's Sin: Essays on the Moral Tradition in the Western Middle Ages (Burlington, Vt.: Ashgate, 2007).</text>
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              <text>Wenzel, Siegfried.</text>
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              <text>David Raybin and Linda Tarte Holley, eds. Closure in The Canterbury Tales: The Role of The Parson's Tale (Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University, 2000), pp. 1-10.</text>
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              <text>Closure in The Canterbury Tales: The Role of The Parson's Tale.</text>
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              <text>Parson and His Tale.</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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              <text>jules SAC 24 (340)</text>
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                <text>The Parson's Tale in Current Literary Studies</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2753339">
                <text>Surveys scholarship pertaining to ParsT, describing the recent emphasis on interpretation rather than on philology. Identifies a "perspectivist" approach that regards ParsT as equivalent to the other Tales and a "teleological" approach that sees it as a privileged expression of Chaucer's views.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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              <text>Gellert, Anamaria Ramona.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2845030">
              <text>Journal of the Early Book Society 23 (2020): 101-39; 7 b&amp;w illus.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Journal of the Early Book Society 23 (2020)</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2845032">
              <text>Parson and His Tale&#13;
Manuscripts and Textual Studies</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2845034">
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          <element elementId="50">
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                <text>The Parson's Treatise and the Pictorial Cycle of Vices and Virtues in Cambridge University Library MS Gg.4.27.</text>
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                <text>Discusses the Virtues and Vices miniatures that accompany ParsT in Cambridge University Library, MS Gg.4.27, as they relate to Chaucer's text, in the "context ofmtheir wider medieval iconographic tradition" and the "imagery of affective meditation." Comments on the effects of the mutilation of the manuscript, its interplay of text and image, and individual iconographic details,arguing generally  that the images increase the effectiveness of the text as a tool of meditation.</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2757473">
              <text>Stockwell, Robert P, and Donka Minkova.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Dieter Kastovsky and Arthur Mettinger, eds. Language Contact in the History of English (Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 2001), pp. 337-62.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2757475">
              <text>2001</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2757476">
              <text>Language Contact in the History of English.</text>
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          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2757478">
              <text>Style and Versification.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2757479">
              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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              <text>jules SAC 25 (67)</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2757472">
                <text>The Partial-Contact Origins of English Pentameter Verse : The Anglicization of an Italian Model</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2757477">
                <text>Stockwell and Minkova argue that Chaucer's prosodic innovation is rooted in his familiarity with the "Romance decasyllabic model." The article focuses on duple and triple rhythmic units, suggesting that Chaucer imposed native iambic rhythm on romance models found in Petrarch and Boccaccio.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2832622">
              <text>Smith, James L., ed.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>.[Santa Barbara, Calif.]: Punctum, 2017.</text>
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              <text>133 pp. b&amp;w illus.</text>
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              <text>mea; SAC 42:103</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>The Passenger: Medieval Texts and Transits.</text>
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                <text>Offers six essays that treat medieval texts "as transit systems in which we can glimpse the mobility of objects, figures, mentalities, tropes and other 'matter' in vibrant intermediate networks." For three essays that pertain to Chaucer, search for The Passenger: Medieval Texts and Transits under Alternative Title.</text>
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              <text>Owen, Corey Alec.</text>
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              <text>DAI A68.10 (2008): n.p.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2779519">
              <text>2008</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2779521">
              <text>Canterbury Tales--General</text>
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              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 68 (2008).</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2779523">
              <text>vxl SAC 32:131.</text>
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                <text>The Passions of Sir Gawain: Patience and the Idiom of Medieval Romance in England</text>
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                <text>Uses Chaucer (selections from CT) and Langland to contextualize "patient heroism" in medieval romances, especially "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight."</text>
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              <text>Ikegami, Masa.</text>
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              <text>Yuichiro Azuma, Kotaro Kawasaki, and Koichi Kano, eds. Chaucer and English and American Literature: Essays Commemorating the Retirement of Professor Masatoshi Kawasaki (Toyko: Kinseido, 2015), pp. 402–16.</text>
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              <text>Language and Word Studies&#13;
Manuscripts and Textual Studies</text>
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              <text>SAC 39:26&#13;
mea; 2/19/2018</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
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              <text>2015</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2816761">
                <text>The Past Forms of SEE in the Canterbury Tales: Hengwrt and Ellesmere Manuscripts and a Critical Edition.</text>
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                <text>Compares usage of the different past forms of "see" in the Hengwrt and Ellesmere manuscripts to identify Chaucer's original forms as distinguished from the scribes' later alternations. In Japanese.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2844285">
              <text>Watt, Diane.</text>
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              <text>Studies in the Age of Chaucer 42 (2020): 337-50.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2844287">
              <text>Studies in the Age of Chaucer 42 (2020)</text>
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              <text>Chaucer's Influence and Later Allusion</text>
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              <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2844283">
                <text>The Paston Women and Chaucer: Reading Women and Canon Formation in the Fifteenth Century</text>
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                <text>Argues that evidence of female readership drawn from the Paston letters indicates familiarity with works by Chaucer and by Lydgate, as well as popular spiritual writings, devotional works, hagiographies, and chivalric treatises. Emphasizes the importance of "literary culture" rather than "scribal activity" as indicators of the fifteenth-century English literary  canon.</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2758088">
              <text>Kuipers, Christopher Marvin.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 62: 158A,   2001.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Background and General Criticism.</text>
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              <text>Book of the Duchess.</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 62 (2001)</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 25 (116)</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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              <elementText elementTextId="2758087">
                <text>The Pastoral Initiation : An Ecology of Authorly Emergence from Plato to Milton</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2758091">
                <text>Authorial development from pastoral toward epic provides a universal creative basis, analogous to the human life span and close to nature. Assesses works by Plato, Virgil, Chaucer (BD), Milton, and Vladimir Nabokov (as lepidopterist).</text>
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              <text>Okamoto, Hiroki.</text>
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              <text>Ritsumeikan Studies in Language and Culture 33 (2022): 658-83.</text>
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              <text>Language and Word Studies&#13;
Reeve and His Tale</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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                <text>The Path of English Literatures as a Vernacular: Chaucer, Dialect, Marginality.</text>
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                <text>Claims that by composing his poetry in English, Chaucer participated in the European movement of promoting the vernacular literatures. Argues that Chaucer's neutral depiction of dialectal features in the two clerks' speeches in RvT affirms the diversity in English and contributes to the cultural richness of the language. In Japanese.</text>
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