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              <text>Malarkey, Stoddard.</text>
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              <text>Speculum 38 (1963): 473-78.</text>
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              <text>Speculum 38 (1963)</text>
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              <text>Troilus and Criseyde</text>
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              <text>mea; 4/27/2020</text>
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                <text>The "Corones Tweyne": An Interpretation.</text>
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                <text>Interprets Pandarus's reference to "corones tweyne" (TC 2.1735) as "a highly complex symbol of the two main pillars of mediaeval law and authority--the spiritual and temporal powers of the church and the state," forbidding Criseyde from killing Troilus by refusing him.</text>
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              <text>Hoffman, Richard L.</text>
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              <text>Classica et Mediaevalia 25 (1964): 263-72.</text>
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              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations&#13;
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Troilus and Criseyde&#13;
Franklin and His Tale</text>
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                <text>The "Felaweshipe" of Chaucer's "Love" and "Lordshipe."</text>
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                <text>Surveys arguments that seek to identify sources and analogues to the claim in KnT 1.1625-26 that neither love nor lordship "likes competition with another of its kind," citing similarities with TC 2.755-56, FranT 5.764-67, and others, and arguing that the ultimate sources lie in Ovid's "Metapmorphoses" 2.846-47 and "Ars Amatoria" 3.564.</text>
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              <text>Fleming, John.</text>
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              <text>Parson and His Tale&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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                <text>The "Figure" of Chaucer's Good Parson and a Reprimand by Grosseteste.</text>
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                <text>Offers the image of unholy clerics as rusted gold in Robert Grosseteste's "Epistolae" as a possible source of the use of the image by Chaucer's Parson in GP 1.500.</text>
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              <text>Joseph, Gerhard.</text>
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              <text>Chaucer Review 1.1 (1966): 21-32.</text>
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              <text>mea; 9/18/2018</text>
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                <text>The "Franklin's Tale": Chaucer Theodicy.</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Reads the rocks of FranT as a representation of natural evil, only apparently avoided in the plot, and an opportunity for the operations of both "gentilesse" and unearned providential grace.</text>
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              <text>Steel, Karl.</text>
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              <text>In The Open Access Companion to the Canterbury Tales. https://opencanterburytales.dsl.lsu.edu, 2017. Relocated 2025 at https://opencanterburytales.lsusites.org/</text>
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              <text>[8 pp.]</text>
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              <text>The Open Access Companion to the Canterbury Tales.</text>
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              <text>Friar and His Tale&#13;
Canterbury Tales--General</text>
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              <text>mea; 1/10/2021</text>
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                <text>The "Friar's Tale": Animals and the Question of Human Agency.</text>
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                <text>Introduces the field of "critical animal studies" and assesses the degree to which characters and animals in FrT can be considered to have agency. Designed for pedagogical use, includes several questions for discussion and suggestions for further study of CT in light of critical animal studies.</text>
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              <text>Campbell, Ethan.</text>
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              <text>Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, 2018.</text>
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              <text>xvi, 238 pp.</text>
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Canterbury Tales--General</text>
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              <text>mea; SAC 44:126</text>
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                <text>The "Gawain"-Poet and the Fourteenth-Century English Anticlerical Tradition.</text>
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                <text>Makes clear the anti-clericalism, overt and implicit, in the works of the "Gawain"-poet ("Cleanness," "Patience," "Pearl," and "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight"), examining the theme in light of contemporaneous polemics. Includes several references to CT (especially the Parson and friars) as illustrations of clerical ideals and/or criticism of those who fail or neglect these ideals.</text>
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              <text>Justice, Steven.</text>
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              <text>Frank Grady, ed. The Cambridge Companion to "The Canterbury Tales" (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020), pp. 45-58.</text>
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              <text> Cambridge Companion to The Canterbury Tales</text>
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              <text>General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales</text>
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              <text>mea; SAC 44:193</text>
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                <text>The "General Prologue."</text>
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                <text>Surveys approaches to reception and interpretation of GP. Reappraises GP's incompleteness as a symbol for the incompleteness of memory, establishing the beginning of CT as a kind of machinery that "set[s] the roadside drama in motion once again."</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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              <text>Scala, Elizabeth.</text>
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              <text>In The Open Access Companion to the Canterbury Tales. https://opencanterburytales.dsl.lsu.edu, 2017. Relocated 2025 at https://opencanterburytales.lsusites.org/</text>
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          <name>Physical Description</name>
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              <text>[6 pp.]</text>
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              <text>The Open Access Companion to the Canterbury Tales.</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2833872">
              <text>General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales</text>
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              <text>mea; 1/10/2021</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2833866">
                <text>The "General Prologue": Cultural Crossings, Collaborations, and Conflicts.</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2833867">
                <text>Explores the "conflict and friction" of GP as a stand-alone tale, also reading it forward to the following tales and backward from them. Designed for pedagogical use, includes several questions for discussion.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2831482">
              <text>Bratcher, James T.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2831483">
              <text>Notes and Queries 208 (1963): 444-45.</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2831484">
              <text>Notes and Queries 208 (1963)</text>
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          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2831485">
              <text>Prioress and Her Tale&#13;
Language and Word Studies</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2831486">
              <text>mea; 11/1/20</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2831487">
              <text>1963</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2831480">
                <text>The "Greyn" in the "Prioress's Tale."</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2831481">
                <text>Suggests that the "greyn" placed on the clergeon's tongue in PrT 7.662 is, ironically, a "breath sweetener," one of several satiric details observed in the Tale.</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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          </elementContainer>
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      </elementSetContainer>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2819966">
              <text>Haller, Robert S.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2819967">
              <text>Chaucer Review 1.2 (1966): 67-84.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2819968">
              <text>Chaucer Review 01 (1966)</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2819969">
              <text>Knight and His Tale&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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              <text>mea; 9/18/2018</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2819971">
              <text>1966</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2819964">
                <text>The "Knight's Tale" and the Epic Tradition.</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2819965">
                <text>Explores the epic elements of KnT and its sources, arguing that in placing love at the thematic center of his poem (replacing traditional political concerns), Chaucer was "attempting to make something entirely new" out of his material. By emphasizing the importance and parallels of love and lordship, Chaucer draws attention to "the private as well as public qualities of the noble hero" and the need for internal as well as external order.</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <description/>
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              <text>Westlund, Joseph.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>Philological Quarterly 43 (1964): 526-37.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2826399">
              <text>Philological Quarterly 43 (1964)</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2826400">
              <text>Knight and His Tale&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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              <text>mea; 8/6/2019</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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              <text>1964</text>
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                <text>The "Knight's Tale" as an Impetus for Pilgrimage.</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2826396">
                <text>Argues that the KnT is "especially suitable for the beginning of the pilgrimage" in CT because it "presents the continual subversion of noble efforts to bring order out of disorder" and because, in comparison with its sources," it poses a "pagan outlook" rather than Christian consolation.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Benson, C. David.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2815473">
              <text>Chaucer Review 3.2 (1968): 107-23.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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              <text>Chaucer Review 03 (1968)</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2815475">
              <text>Knight and His Tale&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>The "Knight's Tale" as History.</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2815471">
                <text>Describes the "basic historical method" of KnT as consistent with the "contemporary aristocratic chronicle," showing how Chaucer uses Statius's "Thebaid" to archaize the plot drawn from Boccaccio's "Teseida" and create a world "believable" for his audience. Especially in Theseus's First Mover speech the poem "prefigures" Christianity in its ideal of chivalry.</text>
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  <item itemId="275829" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Williams, Arnold.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2838785">
              <text>Studies in Philology 57 (1960): 463-78.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2838786">
              <text>Studies in Philology 57 (1960)</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2838787">
              <text>Language and Word Studies&#13;
Friar and His Tale&#13;
Summoner and His Tale</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2838788">
              <text>mea; 3/31/22</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2838789">
              <text>1960</text>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2838782">
                <text>The "Limitour" of Chaucer's Time and His "Limitacioun."</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2838783">
                <text>Defines and illustrates the meanings of "limitour" and "limitacioun" as applied to friars in the late Middle Ages, clarifying licensing, territorial jurisdiction, and the authority to beg, preach, and hear confessions. Focuses on documents of the general chapter meetings of the mendicant orders, the papal decree "Super Cathedram," and English episcopal records, but also comments on Chaucer's Friar and his SumT.</text>
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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              <text>Davis, Norman.</text>
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              <text>Review of English Studies 16, no. 63 (1965): 233-44.</text>
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              <text>Troilus and Criseyde&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations&#13;
Chaucer's Influence and Later Allusion</text>
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              <text>mea; 1/14/2019</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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                <text>The "Litera Troili" and English Letters.</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2823788">
                <text>Considers Chaucer's modifications in Troilus's letter (TC 5.1317-1421) of Boccaccio's original in "Filostrato" and of Beauvau's French translation in "Roman de Troyle et de Criseida," arguing that the changes reflect late-medieval English letter-writing practices, themselves influenced by French linguistic and epistolary models. In turn, "Chaucer's work may have encouraged the tradition of the verse epistle in the fifteenth century."</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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              <text>Hazelton, Richard.</text>
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              <text>Journal of English and Germanic Philology 62 (1963): 1-31</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2831084">
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2831085">
              <text>Manciple and His Tale&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations&#13;
Style and Versification&#13;
</text>
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              <text>mea; 4/26/2020</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2831087">
              <text>1963</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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                <text>The "Manciple's Tale": Parody and Critique.</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Assesses ManT in light of its sources and analogues to reveal a "tissue of comic devices--of controlled incongruities, of hyperbole, of antiphrasis, of equivocations, allusions, and purposeful distortions" that "produce a parodic version of the romanticized moral fable" such as those found in the "Ovide Moralisé" and Guillaume de Machaut's "Voir Dit." In particular Chaucer targeted John Gower's tale of Phebus and the crow in the "Confessio Amantis."</text>
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              <text>Brown, Emerson</text>
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              <text>Chaucer Review 2.4 (1968): 273-77.</text>
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              <text>Chaucer Review 02 (1968)</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
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              <text>Merchant and His Tale</text>
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              <text>mea; 08/20/2017</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2815491">
              <text>1968</text>
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                <text>The "Merchant's Tale": Why Is May Called Mayus?</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Asks why Chaucer uses a "Latin masculine name of the month to refer to his very feminine heroine" in MerT, answering that it contributes to the theme of healing in the Tale, much as does Damyan's association with St. Damian, patron saint of healing.</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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              <text>Bolton, W. F.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>Mediaeval Studies 24 (1962): 83-94.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2834765">
              <text>Mediaeval Studies 24 (1962)</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2834766">
              <text>Miller and His Tale&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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              <text>mea; 5/17/2021</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2834768">
              <text>1962</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2834761">
                <text>The "Miller's Tale": An Interpretation,</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2834762">
                <text>Argues that the "organization and success" of MilT depends upon the "dramatic irony" of tensions between its courtly and common, sacred and profane, and realistic and fantastic elements, exploring such tensions in the signifying names of the characters, triplet patterning of the male protagonists and "three principal sins," and several scriptural allusions.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          </elementContainer>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2818857">
              <text>Strange, William C.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2818858">
              <text>Chaucer Review 1.3 (1967): 167-80.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2818859">
              <text>Chaucer Review 01 (1967)</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2818860">
              <text>Monk and His Tale&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations&#13;
Nun's Priest and His Tale</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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        <element elementId="114">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2818862">
              <text>1967</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2818855">
                <text>The "Monk's Tale": A Generous View.</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2818856">
                <text>Explores MkT as a revelation of its narrator, positing a structural arrangement among the individual tragedies and their various depictions of Fortune and interpreting this arrangement as a reflection of the Monk's character and psychology: he modifies traditional accounts and "suppresses evidence of [the] culpability" of his protagonists, indicating his own presumption and "bad conscience." Identifies echoes between MkT and NPT.</text>
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  <item itemId="275246" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2833976">
              <text>Hsy, Jonathan.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2833977">
              <text>In The Open Access Companion to the Canterbury Tales. https://opencanterburytales.dsl.lsu.edu, 2017. Relocated 2025 at https://opencanterburytales.lsusites.org/</text>
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              <text>[8 pp.]</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2833979">
              <text>The Open Access Companion to the Canterbury Tales. </text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2833980">
              <text>Monk and His Tale&#13;
General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>The "Monk's Tale": Disability/Ability.</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Describes how GP reflects "Chaucer's fascination" with social diversity and "bodily variety," and reads MkT as a "verse anthology of disability narratives," using various approaches drawn from disability studies to examine several of the Monk's accounts, those of Antiochus and Zenobia most extensively. Designed for pedagogical use, includes several questions for discussion.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <text>Mueller, Alex.</text>
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              <text>In The Open Access Companion to the Canterbury Tales. https://opencanterburytales.dsl.lsu.edu, 2017. Relocated 2025 at https://opencanterburytales.lsusites.org/</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2833933">
              <text>[10 pp.]</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2833934">
              <text>The Open Access Companion to the Canterbury Tales.</text>
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          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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              <text>Nun's Priest and His Tale&#13;
Style and Versification</text>
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              <text>2017</text>
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                <text>The "Nun's Priest's Tale": Entertainment versus Education.</text>
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                <text>Explores the tension between "solaas" and "sentence" in three features of NPT (its representations of humans and non-humans, its reference to the Uprising of 1381, and its gender politics), investigating the importance of the rhetoric of the Tale in interpreting the relative seriousness of these concerns. Includes several classroom projects and questions for discussion.</text>
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              <text>Garbaty, Thomas Jay.</text>
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              <text>Philological Quarterly 46 (1967): 457-70.</text>
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              <text>Troilus and Criseyde&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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              <text>1967</text>
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                <text>The "Pamphilus" Tradition in Ruiz and Chaucer.</text>
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                <text>Explores parallels of plot and detail found in "Pamphilus de Amore" (or "Pamphilus and Galatee"), "aspects" of the "Roman de la Rose," "parts" of Juan Ruiz's "Libro de Buen Amor," and the first three books of TC, demonstrating that the "'Pamphilus' group" should be included among the "specific sources" of Chaucer's poem.</text>
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              <text>Tagaya, Yuko.</text>
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              <text>In Yuko Tagaya, ed. Chaucer, Arthur, and Medieval Roman III (Koshigaya: Hon-no-Shiro, 2018), pp. 127-75.</text>
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              <text>Chaucer, Arthur, and Medieval Roman III.</text>
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Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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              <text>mea; SAC 42:162</text>
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                <text>The "Pardoner's Tale" in Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales": An Examination of Its Analogues in Japan.</text>
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                <text>Introduces Japanese analogues of PardT dating from the seventeenth or eighteenth century, and compares them with their Chinese and Indian ancestors, in order both to hypothesize the genealogies and to trace the change of motifs through transmission. In Japanese.</text>
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              <text>Murchison, Krista A.</text>
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              <text>In The Open Access Companion to the Canterbury Tales. https://opencanterburytales.dsl.lsu.edu, 2017. Relocated 2025 at https://opencanterburytales.lsusites.org/</text>
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              <text>In The Open Access Companion to the Canterbury Tales. https://opencanterburytales.dsl.lsu.edu, 2017. [9 pp.].</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>The "Parson's Tale": Religious Devotion and Spiritual Feeling.</text>
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                <text>Investigates the extent to which ParsT as a manual of confession can be seen to encourage the process of "individualization" theorized by Michel Foucault and to subvert the "immense control that the Church had over medieval lives" and aligning with Lollard thinking. Designed for pedagogical use, includes several questions for discussion.</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <text>Vantuono, William, ed. and trans.</text>
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              <text>Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, 1987.</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2709823">
              <text>1987</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Background and General Criticism.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 11 (122)</text>
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                <text>The "Pearl" Poem in Middle and Modern English</text>
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              <text>New York and London: Garland, 1984.</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
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          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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              <text>jules SAC 11 (123)</text>
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                <text>The "Pearl" Poems: An Omnibus Edition. Vol. 1. "Pearl" and "Cleanness"</text>
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                <text>Provides "definitive texts and exhaustive variorum commentary" with facing-page translations, introduction, and appendices.</text>
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