470 25 16472 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Hersh, Cara. Published Studies in Medieval and Renaissance Teaching 26, no. 2 (2019): 9-16. Journal by Volume Number Studies in Medieval and Renaissance Teaching 26 (2019) Chaucer Subject Prioress and Her Tale Background and General Criticism Source mea; SAC 44:267 Date 2019 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Description An account of the resource Offers a pedagogical exercise for teaching PrT in a way that provokes students' confrontation with issues of personal disgust and engagement with the tale. Title A name given to the resource Spitting Images: Embodying Theories of Disgust in "The Prioress's Tale." Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Schmidt, Gary, and Susan M. Felch, eds. Published Woodstock, Ver.: Skylight Paths, 2006. Date 2006 Physical Description xvii, 326 pp. Contributor Felch, Susan M., ed. Chaucer Subject Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales Source mea; 11/8/2013 No SAC Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Spring: A Spiritual Biography of the Season Description An account of the resource This anthology of poems, stories, essays, and excerpts that celebrate spring includes lines 1-18 of GP, in modern translation, with a brief introduction to pilgrimage and the CT. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Hettinger, Eugen, and John Cumming, eds. Published London: Search Press, 1973. Date 1973 Physical Description [23 leaves]; color illus. Contributor Cummings, John, trans. Mayer-Gasters, Klaus, illus. Chaucer Subject Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations Source 05/25/2016; mea No SAC Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Springs of Animal Wisdom: Chaucer, La Fontaine, Lawrence, Tennyson, Whitman Description An account of the resource Item not seen; the WorldCat records indicate that this is a selection of excerpts, including a passage by Chaucer (unidentified), translated by Cumming; the volume is illustrated by Klaus Meyer-Gasters. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Clark, Roy P[eter]. Published Thoth: Syracuse Graduate Studies in English 14.1 (1973-74): 37-43. Date 1974 Chaucer Subject Miller and His Tale Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Journal by Volume Number Thoth 14 (1973-74) Source mea; 12/7/2014 No SAC Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sqeamishness and Exorcism in Chaucer's 'Miller's Tale' Description An account of the resource Exemplifies associations of demons and scatology in folklore and early literature, arguing that they underlie Absolon's "symbolic function as demon-villain" in MilT. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Pugh, Tison. Published Medievalia et Humanistica, n.s., 32 (2007): 83-101. Date 2007 Chaucer Subject Wife of Bath and Her Tale Journal by Volume Number Medievalia et Humanistica 32 (2007) Source vxl SAC 31:222 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Squire Jankyn's Legs and Feet: Physiognomy, Social Class, and Fantasy in The Wife of Bath's Prologue and Tale Description An account of the resource Alison constructs Jankyn as a liminal figure combining both courtly and clerical ideals so that she can celebrate "her triumph over a representative figure of both arenas" (95). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Cline, Ruth H. Published English Language Notes 2.2 (1964): 87-89. Journal by Volume Number English Language Notes 02 (1964) Chaucer Subject Friar and His Tale Chaucer's Life Source mea; 10/30/2019 Date 1964 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. Anne. Description An account of the resource Explores the "appropriateness" of Chaucer's "only original and direct reference to St. Anne," in FrT 3.1613. Mentions Chaucer's two other references to St. Anne, derived from Dante, and offers evidence that Anne of Bohemia was associated with St. Anne and that both were aligned with Lincoln, part of the setting of FrT. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Handal, Saleem A. Published Dissertation Abstracts International 53 (1992): 1724A. Date 1992 Chaucer Subject Troilus and Criseyde. Journal by Volume Number Dissertation Abstracts International 53 (1992). Source mea Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. Augustine, Chaucer, and 'Troilus and Criseyde': A Study of Medieval Communication and Performance Description An account of the resource Permeating Chaucer's writing, Augustinian psychology and philosophy can be foregrounded in interpreters' theater productions of TC. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Biscoglio, Frances. Published Mediaevalia 23 (2002): 123-35. Date 2002 Chaucer Subject Second Nun and Her Tale. Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations. Journal by Volume Number Mediaevalia 23 (2002). Source vxl sac 29:263 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. Cecilia : Chaucer's Valiant Woman Description An account of the resource Like the Valiant Woman of Proverbs 31:10-31, Cecilia brings honor to her husband, manages her household well, works untiringly, and faces danger with fearless self-confidence. In contrast to Harry Bailly, who sets up the rules and pragmatic externals of the pilgrimage, Cecilia points the way to a transformative pilgrimage. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor McCrumb, Sharyn. Published New York: Kensington, 2005. Date 2005 Physical Description 311 pp. Chaucer Subject Chaucer's Influence and Later Allusion Canterbury Tales--General Source mea 3/16/2014 No SAC Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. Dale Description An account of the resource A novel set in the contemporary U.S. that alludes to CT in sustained ways. The plot follows a group of racecar fans on the Dale Earnhardt Memorial Pilgrimage, and includes a tour organizer named Bailey; participants named Reverend Knight, Mr. Franklin, and Mr. Reeve; and chapter titles such as "The Knight's Tale" and "The Bride's Tale." In a concluding note, the author mentions that she wanted to write "a Canterbury Tales with a modern saint." Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Tripp, Raymond P., Jr. Published Geardagum 14 (1993): 89-110. Date 1993 Chaucer Subject Knight and His Tale Book of the Duchess Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Journal by Volume Number In Geardagum 14 (1993) Source mea; 2/26/2013 No SAC Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. Erkenwald, A 'Tale of Two Souls' Description An account of the resource Assesses "St. Erkenwald" as hagiography, exploring in particular its orthodoxy and the relation of the Saint and the Judge. Also compares the "rationalism" of the poem with that of KnT and its elegiac qualities with those of BD. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Correale, Robert M. Published English Language Notes 2.3 (1965): 171-74. Journal by Volume Number English Language Notes 02 (1965) Chaucer Subject Friar and His Tale Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Source 1/13/2019 Date 1965 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. Jerome and the Conclusion of the "Friar's Tale." Description An account of the resource Identifies influences of St. Jerome's "Epistola Adversus Jovinianum" 2 at the end of FrT, particularly the imagery of lion as hunter equated with Satan and juxtaposed with Biblical allusions. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Beadle, Richard, and J. J. Griffiths, intro. Published Norman, Okla.: Pilgrim Books, 1983. Date 1983 Contributor Griffiths, J. J. Chaucer Subject Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations. Series The Variorum Chaucer Facsimile Series. Source jules SAC 07 (9) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. John's College, Cambridge, MS L.1 Description An account of the resource A fifteenth-century manuscript of major importance in establishing the TC text--which contains in a sixteenth-century hand Henryson's "Testament of Cresseid" also. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Maxfield, David K. Published Chaucer Review 28 (1993): 148-63. Date 1993 Alternative Title "Saint Mary Rouncivale, Charing Cross: The Hospital of Chaucer's Pardoner." Chaucer Subject Pardoner and His Tale. Journal by Volume Number Chaucer Review 28 (1993) Source jules SAC 17 (201) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. Mary Rouncivale, Charing Cross: The Hospital of Chaucer's Pardoner Description An account of the resource Viewed in historical context, the pardons of Chaucer's Pardoner likely were based on forged papal bulls associated with St. Mary's, a hospital with a questionable reputation. The Pardoner's lack of character provides an ironic contrast to the ideal of the Augustinian canons who should have populated such an institution. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Haskell, Ann S. Published Rossell Hope Robbins, ed. Chaucer at Albany (New York: Franklin, 1975), pp. 105-24. Date 1975 Alternative Title Chaucer at Albany Chaucer Subject Background and General Criticism. Source jules - 20/9/94 SAC 1 (59) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. Nicholas and Saintly Allusion Description An account of the resource Chaucer's allusions to saints were used to evoke different associations on different occasions. Two allusions to St. Nicholas offer striking contrasts in different contests. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Hamp, Eric P Published Celtica 3 (1956): 290-94. Journal by Volume Number Celtica 03 (1956) Chaucer Subject Pardoner and His Tale Language and Word Studies Source mea; 1/7/2025 Date 1956 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. Ninian/Ronyan Again. Description An account of the resource Gives phonological evidence to support the identification of "Seint Ronyon" of PardP 6.320 as St. Ninian. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Peck, Russell A. Published Mediaevalia 7 (1984 for 1981): 91-131. Date 1984 Chaucer Subject Canterbury Tales--General. Journal by Volume Number Mediaevalia 07 (1984 for 1981) Source vxl sac 28:103 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. Paul and the Canterbury Tales Description An account of the resource Biblical Pauline notions of pilgrimage recur throughout CT, evident in imagery drawn from Paul's letters, although often in "parody and travesty": old men and new men, doctrine amidst enigma, iconography of wells, vessels, widows, musical instruments, and various concepts of time, heritage, and the "search for grace." Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Haskell, Ann S. Published Chaucer Review 5.3 (1971): 218-24. Date 1971 Chaucer Subject Summoner and His Tale Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Journal by Volume Number Chaucer Review 05 (1971) Source mea; 2/23/2016 No SAC Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. Simon in the 'Summoner's Tale' Description An account of the resource Identifies the referent for "Seint Symoun" of SumT 3.2094 as Simon Magus, commenting on echoes between the tale and legends of Simon. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Oruch, Jack B. Published Speculum 56 (1981): 534-65. Date 1981 Chaucer Subject Parliament of Fowls. Complaint of Mars. Journal by Volume Number Speculum 56 (1981) Source jules SAC 05 (229) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. Valentine, Chaucer, and Spring in February Description An account of the resource Although Charles d'Orleans first described an actual Valentine's Day lottery, it was apparently Chaucer who, in PF and Mars, first associated Saint Valentine's Day with love, both in its ornithological simplicity and in its human complexity. His innovation was adopted by Gower, Clanvowe, and Oton de Grandson. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Peverley, Sarah. Published Gail Ashton, ed. Medieval Afterlives in Contemporary Culture (London: Bloomsbury, 2015), pp. 48-57. Alternative Title Medieval Afterlives in Contemporary Culture. Chaucer Subject Recordings and Films Chaucer's Influence and Later Allusion Canterbury Tales--General Source SAC 41:11 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Staging Chaucer: Mike Poulton and the Royal Shakespeare Company's Chaucer's "The Canterbury Tales." Description An account of the resource Describes the dramatic adaptations of selections from CT presented by the Royal Shakespeare Company in November 2005, exploring how the adaptations and their staging at times modify and at times convey the "key elements" of Chaucer's work, particularly his vitality, "human compassion," generic variety, and concern with the "transience" of earthly existence. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Schauber, Ellen,and Ellen Spolsky. Published New Literary History 12 (1981): 397-413. Date 1981 Contributor Spolsky, Ellen. Chaucer Subject Nun's Priest and His Tale. Journal by Volume Number New Literary History 12 (1981) Source jules SAC 05 (198) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Stalking a Generative Poetics Description An account of the resource Readers resolve conflicts by readjusting genre expectations. NPT is a beast fable "told in the rhetoric of epic. The homely moral of the tale is comically inconsistent with the implications of high seriousness in the language." Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Shoaf, R[ichard] A[llen]. Published Journal of English and Germanic Philology 78 (1979): 313-24. Date 1979 Chaucer Subject Book of the Duchess. Journal by Volume Number Journal of English and Germanic Philology 78 (1979) Source jules SAC 04 (148) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Stalking the Sorrowful H(e)art: Penitential Lore and the Hunt Scene in Chaucer's 'The Book of the Duchess' Description An account of the resource The poet in BD takes the role of confessor and "medicus animae" to the Black Knight, whose shrift and repentance return him to the duties of everyday living. The hunt, which sets the scene, is an allegorical image of the process of confession pointing out the obvious ambiguity of the hart/heart imagery. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Blake, N. F. Published Masahiko Kanno, Gregory K. Jember, and Yoshiyuki Nakao, eds. A Love of Words: English Philological Studies in Honour of Akira Wada (Tokyo: Eihosha, 1998), pp. 3-24. Date 1998 Alternative Title Love of Words: English Philological Studies in Honour of Akira Wada. Chaucer Subject Language and Word Studies. Wife of Bath and Her Tale. Source vxl 27:68 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Standardisation of English and the Wife of Bath's Prologue Description An account of the resource Blake examines the spelling variants of terminal -n and -m in a variety of words in WBP to show that fro/from was relatively erratic. Similar analysis indicates that final -e was obsolescent as a plural marker and in weak adjectives. Blake suggests several implications for meter. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Blake, N. F. Published Joseph B. Trahern, Jr., ed. Standardizing English: Essays in the History of Language Change, in Honor of John Hurt Fisher (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1989), pp. 57-81. Date 1989 Alternative Title Standardizing English: Essays in the History of Language Change, in Honor of John Hurt Fisher. Chaucer Subject Manuscripts and Textual Studies Language and Word Studies Reeve and His Tale Source mea 1/24/2013 No SAC Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Standardising Shakespeare's Non-Standard Language Description An account of the resource Illustrates the difficulties editors face in dealing with literary representations of regional or non-standard dialects, citing scribal variations of northern features of RvT before examining at greater length examples of dialects in Shakespeare's plays. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Trahern, Joseph B.,Jr., ed. Published Knoxville, Tenn. : University of Tennessee Press, 1989. Date 1989 Physical Description xx, 185 pp. Chaucer Subject Background and General Criticism. Series Tennessee Studies in Literature, no. 31. Source jules SAC 14 (121) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Standardizing English: Essays in the History of Language Change, in Honor of John Hurt Fisher Description An account of the resource Eight articles on standardization of English, three of specific interest to Chaucerians. Includes bibliography of Fisher's work through 1987. For the three essays that pertain to Chaucer, search for Standardizing English under Alternative Title. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Minnis, Alastair. Published Ursula Schaefer, ed. The Beginnings of Standardization: Language and Culture in Fourteenth-Century England (Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2006), pp. 43-60. Date 2006 Alternative Title Beginnings of Standardization: Language and Culture in Fourteenth-Century England. Chaucer Subject Knight and His Tale. Source vxl sac 30:178 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Standardizing Lay Culture: Secularity in French and English Literature of the Fourteenth Century Description An account of the resource Minnis discusses the impact of Aristotelian social and political theory on the rise of a growing lay culture in France and England. Considers similarities among several "discourses of secular power" - including Chaucer's KnT and Gower's advice to princes in Confessio Amantis - and suggests that they are rooted in Aristotle's Ethics, the pseudo-Aristotelian Economics, and related works.