183 25 16381 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Lucas, Peter J. Published Notes and Queries 235 (1990):398-400. Date 1990 Chaucer Subject Franklin and His Tale. Journal by Volume Number Notes and Queries 235 (1990) Source jules SAC 14 (211) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's Franklin's 'Dorigen' : Her Name Description An account of the resource Comments on the name "Dorigen." which is not a Breton woman's name, and speculates on why the Franklin presents it as a woman's name at all. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Mukerji, N. Published Folklore 9 (1968): 75-85. Journal by Volume Number Folklore 09 (1968) Chaucer Subject Franklin and His Tale Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Source mea; 3/15/2018 Date 1968 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's Franklin's and the Tale of Madanasena of Vetalapachisi. Description An account of the resource Compares FranT with the tenth tale (Madassena and Her Rash Promise) of the "Vetalapachisi," identifying common motifs (rash promise, promise to return, and noble theft) and differences in frame, characterization, and setting. Observes relations with Boccaccio's "Filocolo." Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Hillman, Richard. Published Shakespeare Quarterly 34 (1983): 426-32. Date 1983 Alternative Title "Deceiving Appearances: Neo-Chaucerian Magic in 'The Tempest'." Intertextuality and Romance in Renaissance Drama: The Staging of Nostalgia. Chaucer Subject Franklin and His Tale. Chaucer's Influence and Later Allusion. Journal by Volume Number Shakespeare Quarterly 34 (1983) Source jules; mea 7/19/2013 SAC 24 (283) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's Franklin's Magician and The Tempest : An Influence Beyond Appearances? Description An account of the resource Posits FranT as a major source for Shakespeare play, focusing on similarities between the two magicians. Revised version published as "Deceiving Appearances: Neo-Chaucerian Magic in 'The Tempest'," in Hillman's Intertextuality and Romance in Renaissance Drama: The Staging of Nostalgia (Houndmills, Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1992), pp. 124-35. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Battles, Dominique. Published Chaucer Review 34: 38-59, 1999. Date 1999 Chaucer Subject Franklin and His Tale. Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations. Journal by Volume Number Chaucer Review 34 (1999) Source jules SAC 23 (178) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's Franklin's Tale and Boccaccio's Filocolo Reconsidered Description An account of the resource Chaucer drew from more than one segment of Filocolo to design FranT. He incorporated the larger frame narrative of Florio and Biancafiore, a tale of Byzantine origin that allowed him to draw on various elements of the copious and complicated Filocolo. This interpretation explains some of the "disparities" between FranT and its Italian source. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Beidler, Peter G. Published Holly A. Crocker, ed. Comic Provocations: Exposing the Corpus of Old French Fabliaux. (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006), pp. 149-61. Date 2006 Alternative Title Comic Provocations: Exposing the Corpus of Old French Fabliaux. Contributor Crocker, Holly A., ed. Chaucer Subject Shipman and His Tale Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations. Source vxl SAC 31:254 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's French Accent: Gardens and Sex-Talk in the Shipman's Tale Description An account of the resource When Chaucer used Boccaccio's "Decameron" 8.1 as his source for ShT, he was also influenced by French fabliaux, particularly a garden scene in the thirteenth-century "Aloul" and, more generally, the animal euphemisms typical of the genre in French tradition. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Palmer, R. Barton, ed. Published New York : AMS Press, 1999. Date 1999 Physical Description xxxi, 360 pp. Chaucer Subject Background and General Criticism. Series Georgia State Literary Studies, no. 10. Source jules SAC 23 (109) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's French Contemporaries : The Poetry/Poetics of Self and Tradition Description An account of the resource Fourteen essays by various authors on French poets Machaut, Froissart, Deschamps, Christine de Pizan, Charles d'Orelans, and Villon. The essays emphasize the determining material effects of the courtly mode of production, especially the roles of the courtly patron and, later in the fifteenth century, the print editor. Six essays, now revised, originally appeared in a 1987 issue of Studies in the Literary Imagination. The other eight first appear in this volume. For three essays that pertain to Chaucer, search for Chaucer's French Contemporaries under Alternative Title. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Butterfield, Ardis. Published Piero Boitani and Jill Mann, eds. The Cambridge Companion to Chaucer, 2d ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2003), pp. 20-36. Date 2003 Alternative Title Cambridge Companion to Chaucer, 2d ed. Chaucer Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations. Source vxl SAC 27:47 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's French Inheritance Description An account of the resource Butterfield surveys the French literature available to Chaucer and argues that French language and literature pervade Chaucer's entire career. The French influence is a fundamental "habit of mind" that resides in the deep and surface structures of his works. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Dor, Juliette De Caluwe. Published Bulletin des Anglicistes Medievistes 28 (1985): 435-38. Date 1985 Chaucer Subject Language and Word Studies. Journal by Volume Number Bulletin des Anglicistes Medievistes 28 (1985) Source jules SAC 09 (46) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's French Loan-Words and the Use of French in Fourteenth-Century England Description An account of the resource Clarifies the bilingualism through Chaucer's use of French loanwords in CT. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Dor, Juliette (De Caluwe). Published A. M. Simon-Vandenbergen, ed. Studies in Honour of Rene Derolez. (Ghent: Seminarie voor Englese en Oud-Germaanse Taalkunde, 1987), pp.143-56. Date 1987 Alternative Title Studies in Honour of Rene Derolez. Contributor Simon-Vandenbergen, A. M.,ed. Chaucer Subject Language and Word Studies. Source jules SAC 11 (48) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's French Loan-Words in the 'Canterbury Tales': Preliminary Points Description An account of the resource Part of a larger sociolinguistic project on the status of French in fourteenth-century England, Dor's study examines the uses, distribution, and frequency of words of French origin in the conversational sections of CT. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Guthrie, Steven R. Published Dissertation Abstracts International 46 (1986): 2289A. Date 1986 Chaucer Subject Style and Versification. Journal by Volume Number Dissertation Abstracts International 46 (1986) Source jules SAC 10 (29) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's French Pentameter Description An account of the resource The similarity in "rhythmic structure and characteristic variations" of Chaucer's iambic pentameter in TC to Machaut's French "decasyllabe" in "Jugement dou Roy de Behaingne" has "implications for wider issues" in criticism. Using Parkes-Salter facsimile of the Corpus Christi MS and theories of Kiparski-Liberman-Prince, Guthrie compares Chaucer's metrics with those in Boccaccio's "Filostrato" and Shakespeare's sonnets. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Elson, Madeleine Beth. Published Dissertation Abstracts International A78.02 (2016): n.p. Journal by Volume Number Dissertation Abstracts International 78 (2016) Chaucer Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Source SAC 40:71 Date 2016 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's French Sources--Literary and Codicological Play and the Author's Persona. Description An account of the resource Examines Chaucer's engagement with his French contemporaries (e.g., Machaut, Froissart, Deschamps), suggesting that Chaucer may have adapted elements from those writers such as voice and form in establishing his own poetic authority. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Phillips, Helen. Published Nottingham Medieval Studies 37 (1993): 65-81. Date 1993 Chaucer Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations. Journal by Volume Number Nottingham Medieval Studies 37 (1993) Source jules SAC 17 (35) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's French Translations Description An account of the resource Examines four principles in Chaucer's translations: redistribution, themes from works, syntactic symmetry, and homonym translation. Relates these principles to medieval practices of reading, writing, and translation, showing that the distinction between translation and creativity is not clear-cut. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Fisher, John H. Published Chaucer Yearbook 1 (1992): 33-45. Date 1992 Alternative Title Emergence of Standard English. Chaucer Subject Language and Word Studies. Journal by Volume Number Chaucer Yearbook 01 (1992). Source mea Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's French: A Metalinguistic Inquiry Description An account of the resource Explores the relation between language and psychology, arguing that Chaucer's increasing use of French loan-words throughout his poetic career reflects a growth in conceptual richness, a microcosm of the growth of English, culturally and linguistically. Reprinted in The Emergence of Standard English (Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1996), pp. 99-108. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Hodges, Laura F. Published Chaucer Review 34: 317-43, 2000. Date 2000 Chaucer Subject Friar and His Tale. General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales. Journal by Volume Number Chaucer Review 34 (2000) Source jules SAC 24 (268) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's Friar : 'Typet' and 'Semycope' Description An account of the resource Viewed in both historical and literary contexts, the Friar's "typet" (probably a shoulder cape with a deep hood) and his "semycope" (a short cloak) show that he is breaking sumptuary laws for his fraternal order. That he also dresses in the finest wool connotes a "wolf in sheep's clothing." Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Havely, Nicholas R. Published Chaucer Review 13 (1979): 337-45. Date 1979 Chaucer Subject Friar and His Tale. General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales. Journal by Volume Number Chaucer Review 13 (1979) Source jules SAC 03 (112) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's Friar and Merchant Description An account of the resource The Friar's varied activities are recounted in terms that have both commercial and non-materialistic applications. Ambigous diction points toward deeper questions about the use of wealth and, together with the sexual innuendoes and the enumeration of activities commonly shared by mendicants and merchants in antifraternal writing, establishes the Friar as a harbinger of the Merchant. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Thiel, Gaye. Published Parergon 10 (1992): 95-101. Date 1992 Chaucer Subject Friar and His Tale. Journal by Volume Number Parergon 10 (1992). Source mea Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's Friar and Saint Hubert: What's in a Name Description An account of the resource The Friar's name alludes to St. Hubert, patron saint of hunters. Thiel investigates Chaucer's knowledge of the saint and invites comparison with St. Thomas. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Szövérffy, Joseph. Published Notes and Queries 214 (1969): 166-67. Date 1969 Chaucer Subject Friar and His Tale Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Journal by Volume Number Notes and Queries 214 (1969) Source mea; 04/10/2016 No SAC Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's Friar and St. Nicholas (Prologue 212) Description An account of the resource Shows that the legend of St. Nicholas may be a source of the detail about the marrying young women in Chaucer's description of the Friar in GP 1.212-13. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Reiss, Edmund. Published Journal of English and Germanic Philology 62 (1963): 481-85. Journal by Volume Number Journal of English and Germanic Philology 62 (1963) Chaucer Subject Friar and His Tale Prioress and Her Tale Style and Versification Source ,mea; 4/27/2020 Date 1963 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's Friar and the Man in the Moon. Description An account of the resource Identifies associations of the name "Huberd" (Hubert) with the Man in the Moon, the magpie, Cain, and theft, arguing that Chaucer's use of it for his Friar (GP 1.269) reveals the character's "inherently evil nature" and the "incongruity" of Chaucer's praise of him--a technique similar to his naming the Prioress "Madame Eglentyne" (GP 1.121). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Stroud, T. A. Published Chaucer Review 8.1 (1973): 65-69. Date 1973 Chaucer Subject Friar and His Tale Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Journal by Volume Number Chaucer Review 08 (1973) Source mea; 1/9/2015 No SAC Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's Friar as Narrator Description An account of the resource Justifies various differences between FrT and its analogues by attributing them to the literal mindedness of the narrator, "one who takes distinctions seriously." Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Hardwick, Paul. Published Chaucer Review 52.2 (2017): 237-52. Journal by Volume Number Chaucer Review 52 (2017) Chaucer Subject Summoner and His Tale Source SAC 41:212 Date 2017 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Description An account of the resource Portrays the symbolic and naturalistic use of the cat and applies these concepts to SumT and its critique of the mendicant orders. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's Friar John and the Place of the Cat. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Hatton, Tom. Published Journal of English and Germanic Philology 67 (1968): 266-71. Journal by Volume Number Journal of English and Germanic Philology 67 (1968 Chaucer Subject Friar and His Tale Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Source mea; 11/02/2017 Date 1968 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's Friar's "Old Rebekke." Description An account of the resource Reads the widow of FrT as a figural "type of the Church" that contributes to the "comic irony" of the Tale and deepens the guilt of the summoner by "playing off" of the biblical story of Rebecca. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Jeffrey, David Lyle. Published David Lyle Jeffrey. House of the Interpreter: Reading Scripture, Reading Culture (Waco, Tx,: Baylor University Press, 2003), pp. 111-16. Date 2003 Alternative Title House of the Interpreter: Reading Scripture, Reading Culture. Chaucer Subject Friar and His Tale Summoner and His Tale Language and Word Studies Source mea 7/21/2013 No SAC Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's Friar's (Unpaid) Rent Description An account of the resource Explores ecclesiastical connotations of the word "rente" in the GP description of the Friar, in SumT, and elsewhere in medieval usage. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Silvia, Daniel S., Jr. Published English Language Notes 1.4 (1964): 248-50. Journal by Volume Number English Language Notes 01 (1964) Chaucer Subject Summoner and His Tale Style and Versification Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Source mea; 10/30/2019 Date 1964 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's Friars: Swans or Swains? "Summoner'sTale," D 1390. Description An account of the resource Reads the noun "swan" as "swain" in the rhyming comparison with "Jovinyan" in SumT 3.1930, adducing logic, consistency of imagery, and source material. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Hoeber, Daniel R. Published Chaucer Newsletter 2.2 (1980): 8-10. Date 1980 Chaucer Subject Knight and His Tale. Journal by Volume Number Chaucer Newsletter 02 (1980) Source jules SAC 04 (62) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's Friday Knight Description An account of the resource Disputes Lowe's interpretation of KnT 1534-39. Arcite's sudden changes of mood, that of Chauntecleer (on a Friday) in NPT, the meaning of "gere" (a wild or changeful mood), and the first Adam's fall on the sixth day all suggest that Friday is not different from other days but that it is a day of dramatic changes. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer Bibliography Online ChaucerItem2 Items for the Chaucer Database Author / Editor Dillon, Janette. Published Essays in Criticism 41 (1991): 208-21. Date 1991 Chaucer Subject Pardoner and His Tale. Journal by Volume Number Essays in Criticism 41 (1991) Source mea Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer's Game in the Pardoner's Tale Description An account of the resource The discrepancy between the vice of the teller and the moral of his tale requires the pilgrim audience to revise and postpone its judgment and thus to contribute to the meaning of the exemplum.