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              <text>Star, Sarah.</text>
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                <text>Connects the shapeless mass of flesh, which Christian baptism miraculously reforms into a baby in the Middle English romance "The King of Tars," with a bloodless mass described by Chaucer's contemporary Henry Daniel as an "elvysch cake." Claims that "elvysch" can be interpreted as strange, transformational, and excessive, in a "Chaucerian sense," and the concept may be echoed in the rumor of a "fiendish" birth in MLT and of Saracen "bloodlessness" in SNT.</text>
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                <text>Compares and contrasts Gower's tale of Florent with WBT and "The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnelle," arguing that Gower and Chaucer "grapple with ethical circumstances in human relationships" (matters of right conduct and governance, respectively) while the "Wedding" exposes the "fragility of courtly virtues."</text>
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                <text>Compares and contrasts the uses of estates literature in works by Gower, Chaucer, and William Langland, explaining the didacticism of Gower, Chaucer's "playful 'show--don't tell'" in GP, and Langland's allusive allegorizing.</text>
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                <text>Twenty-five pedagogical essays by various authors, with an introduction by the editors and a comprehensive index. For four essays that pertain to Chaucer, search for Approaches to Teaching the Poetry of John Gower under Alternative Title.</text>
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              <text>Metaphor and Imagery in Persian Poetry.</text>
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          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821711">
              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations&#13;
Man of Law and His Tale&#13;
Merchant and His Tale</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
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                <text>One Chaste Muslim Maiden and a Persian in a Pear Tree: Analogues of Boccaccio and Chaucer in Four Earlier Arabic and Persian Tales.</text>
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                <text>Describes and discusses two analogues to the pear tree episode in MerT (and in Boccaccio's "Decameron"), one in Persian by Rumi in his "Mathnavī," and one in Arabic by Ibn al-Jawzi in his "Kitāb al-adhkiyā'." Also describes and discusses two analogues to MLT, one in Persian by Farid al-Din Attar in his "Elahi-Nameh" ("Ilāhī-nāmā") and an earlier one in Arabic by al-Kulaynī in the "Kitāb al-kāfī." Throughout, includes attention to other source-and-analogue information that relates to the episodes, and includes as appendices transliterations and English translations of the Persian and Arabic materials, with the exception of Attar's Chaste Maiden account.</text>
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              <text>Irvin, Matthew W.</text>
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              <text>viii, 315 pp.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821702">
              <text>Wife of Bath and Her Tale&#13;
Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821704">
              <text>2014</text>
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                <text>The Poetic Voices of John Gower: Politics and Personae in the "Confessio Amantis."</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2821698">
                <text>Argues that Gower's intention in "Confessio Amantis" is both "poetic, as well as political." Emphasizes how Chaucer and Gower are concerned with "authority and experience" in their poems. Discusses WBT in relation to Gower's "Tale of Florent."</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821691">
              <text>Hastings, Justin A.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821692">
              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International A78.07 (2016): n.p.</text>
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          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821693">
              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 78 (2016)</text>
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          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821694">
              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations&#13;
Canterbury Tales--General</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821695">
              <text>SAC 40:73</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821696">
              <text>2016</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2821689">
                <text>"Englishing" Horace: The Influence of the Horatian Tradition on Old and Middle English Poetry.</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2821690">
                <text>Examines Horatian influence on works ranging from the Exeter Book to Langland, Gower, and Fragments VIII and IX of CT.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821683">
              <text>Gross, Karen E.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="98">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821684">
              <text>Studies in Philology 109 (2012): 19-44.</text>
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          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821685">
              <text>Studies in Philology 109 (2012)</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821686">
              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821687">
              <text>SAC 40:72</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821688">
              <text>2011</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2821681">
                <text>Chaucer's Silent Italy.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2821682">
                <text>Offers a "new description of Chaucer's interaction with Italian poetry," focusing on how he avoids borrowing several of its most innovative features: the "presence of a beatific lady," the tendency to elevate the poet's poetry to high authority, and the defense of poetry as "truth beneath a pleasing veil of fiction that concomitantly makes theology the poetry of God." Contends that Chaucer's familiarity with Dante, Petrarch, and Boccaccio is unique in his time, and suggests that the lack of the above Italianate features defines his own poetics.</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821675">
              <text>Elson, Madeleine Beth.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821676">
              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International A78.02 (2016): n.p.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821677">
              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 78 (2016)</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821678">
              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
            </elementText>
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        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821679">
              <text>SAC 40:71</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821680">
              <text>2016</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2821673">
                <text>Chaucer's French Sources--Literary and Codicological Play and the Author's Persona.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2821674">
                <text>Examines Chaucer's engagement with his French contemporaries (e.g., Machaut, Froissart, Deschamps), suggesting that Chaucer may have adapted elements from those writers such as voice and form in establishing his own poetic authority.</text>
              </elementText>
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  <item itemId="274014" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821667">
              <text>Pigg, Daniel F.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821668">
              <text>Albrecht Classen, ed. Death in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: The Material and Spiritual Conditions of the Culture of Death )Berlin: De Gruyter, 2016(), pp. 263-76.</text>
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        <element elementId="108">
          <name>Alternative Title</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821669">
              <text>Death in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times.</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821670">
              <text>Pardoner and His Tale</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821671">
              <text>SAC 40:256</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821672">
              <text>2016</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2821665">
                <text>Imagining the Mass of Death in Chaucer's "Pardoner's Tale": A Critique of Medieval Eucharistic Practices.</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2821666">
                <text>Discusses the intersection of death, money, and elements of the Catholic mass in PardT. In the wake of the plague, the mass became closely associated with death because of the spreading practice of saying masses for the souls of the dead. The rioters' parodic performance of the mass, including partaking of poisoned (thus substantially altered) wine, "attempts to subvert as it mimics" the ritual of the Eucharist.</text>
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  <item itemId="274013" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821659">
              <text>Jost, Jean E.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821660">
              <text>Albrecht Classen, ed. Death in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: The Material and Spiritual Conditions of the Culture of Death (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2016), pp. 193-237.</text>
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          <name>Alternative Title</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821661">
              <text>Death in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821662">
              <text>Pardoner and His Tale</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821663">
              <text>SAC 40:254</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821664">
              <text>2016</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2821657">
                <text>The Effects of the Black Death: The Plague in Fourteenth-Century Religion, Literature, and Art.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2821658">
                <text>Discusses Chaucer's awareness of the plague and reference to it in his works, especially PardT.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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  <item itemId="274012" public="1" featured="0">
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                <text>"Bonum est mortis meditari": Meanings and Functions of the Medieval Double Macabre Portrait.</text>
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Man of Law and His Tale&#13;
Wife of Bath and Her Tale</text>
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                <text>Surveys studies of Chaucer's uses of Dante and Boccaccio as sources, focusing on work done since 1980 and "highlighting new and forthcoming work."</text>
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General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales</text>
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Aubé-Bourligueux, Jocelyne, ed.</text>
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Book of the Duchess&#13;
Legend of Good Women&#13;
Canterbury Tales--General</text>
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                <text>Examines echoes, resemblances, and differences between the evocations of Lucretia in LGW, BD, and CT, and German painter Lucas Cranach's portrait (1513) of the Roman paragon of wifely virtue. References to Chaucer's poems, its ancient sources, and the sensuous pictorial representation reveal how the image of Lucretia evolved from the mythic, classic icon to a more realistic, erotic figure. Argues that she morphed, through the prism of male imagination, from an ancient archetype of near saintly perfection, to a prototype of the new woman in the Renaissance.</text>
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Troilus and Criseyde&#13;
House of Fame</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Chaucer and the Disconsolations of Philosophy: Boethius, Agency, and Literary Form in Late Medieval Literature.</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Suggests that Chaucer engages the Boethian tradition in TC and HF, only to challenge (and ultimately reject) that tradition's ideas of self-regulation.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <description/>
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              <text>Aers, David.&#13;
</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821595">
              <text>Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 2015. </text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>xi, 256 pp.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821597">
              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>SAC 40:64</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821599">
              <text>2015</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2821592">
                <text>Beyond Reformation? An Essay on William Langland's "Piers Plowman" and the End of Constantinian Christianity.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2821593">
                <text>Provides close reading and interpretation of "Piers Plowman," and observes how Chaucer and Langland often share similar political and religious views of medieval society. Refers to SumT, WBPT, GP, KnT, ParsT, RvT, and PF.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821586">
              <text>Hough, Carole.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821587">
              <text>Richard Dance and Laura Wright, eds. The Use and Development of Middle English (Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2012), pp. 215-29.</text>
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          <name>Alternative Title</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821588">
              <text>The Use and Development of Middle English.</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
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              <text>Nun's Priest and His Tale&#13;
Language and Word Studies&#13;
Style and Versification</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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          <description/>
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              <text>SAC 40:271</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821591">
              <text>2012</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Names in Chaucer's "Nun's Priest's Tale."</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2821585">
                <text>Analyzes the name "Pertelote" in NPT as "beautiful paramour" and "little beauty," and "Colle," "Talbot," and "Gerland" as dog-names. Includes recurrent concern with levels of style in Chaucer's naming and on names that link aspects of CT, e.g., "Talbot" with "Tabard."</text>
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          </element>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821577">
              <text>Wojtyś, Anna.</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821578">
              <text>Richard Dance and Laura Wright, eds. The Use and Development of Middle English (Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2012), pp. 179-96.</text>
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          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821579">
              <text>The Use and Development of Middle English.</text>
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          <name>Published In</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821580">
              <text>&#13;
</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821581">
              <text>Manuscripts and Textual Studies&#13;
Language and Word Studies&#13;
Style and Versification</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <name>Source</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821582">
              <text>SAC 40:63</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821583">
              <text>2012</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2821575">
                <text>The Prefix y-: Grammatical Marker or Meaningless Appendage? A Contrastive Analysis of Selected Manuscripts of Chaucer's "The Canterbury Tales."</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2821576">
                <text>Analyzes the occurrences of the preverbal y- prefix in seven manuscripts of CT, attending to grammatical, syntactic, and metrical considerations. Concludes that, although the construction is used to form passive constructions clearly, the data also indicate that scribes used it to "create an additional syllable or clarify complex phrase structure."</text>
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          </element>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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              <text>Dance, Richard, and Laura Wright, eds.</text>
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              <text>Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2012.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821570">
              <text>302 pp.</text>
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          <name>Series</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821571">
              <text>Studies in English Medieval Language and Literature, no. 38.</text>
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          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2821572">
              <text>Background and General Criticism</text>
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              <text>SAC 40:141</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821574">
              <text>2012</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2821566">
                <text>The Use and Development of Middle English: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Middle English, Cambridge 2008.</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2821567">
                <text>Fourteen essays by various authors, with an introduction by the editors and an index. For two essays pertaining to Chaucer, search for The Use and Development of Middle English under Alternative Title.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821560">
              <text>Veeman, Kathryn.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821561">
              <text>Studies in the Age of Chaucer 38 (2016): 255-63.</text>
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          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821562">
              <text>Studies in the Age of Chaucer 38 (2016)</text>
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          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821563">
              <text>Manuscripts and Textual Studies&#13;
Chaucer's Life</text>
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          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821564">
              <text>SAC 40:62</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2821565">
              <text>2016</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2821558">
                <text>John Shirley's Early Bureaucratic Career.</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2821559">
                <text>Establishes that scribe John Shirley lived in Westminster/London early in his career (in the 1390s) and therefore may have been familiar with Chaucer at the time, lending credibility to Shirley's opinions about Chaucer's works and their dates of composition.</text>
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