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              <text>Russell, J. Stephen.</text>
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              <text>Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1998.</text>
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              <text>x, 265 pp.</text>
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              <text>Canterbury Tales--General.</text>
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              <text>General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales.</text>
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              <text>Knight and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>Man of Law and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 184.</text>
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                <text>Chaucer and the Trivium: The Mindsong of the Canterbury Tales</text>
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                <text>Argues that medieval language theory and the arts of grammar, logic, and rhetoric inform CT. They provided Chaucer with his fundamental awareness of the slipperiness of language-its inability to represent truth and reality and its ability to distort as well as convince. </text>
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                <text>Also, as the source of Chaucer's understanding of human cognition, the trivium gave Chaucer the "mechanism for consciously evoking an image of the human individual" (203). Summarizes medieval education and its "implications" and discusses GP, KnT, MLT, and ClT as works in which the influence of the trivium on Chaucer's imagination and techniques is particularly clear. Includes brief discussion of WBP, MerT, FranT and Mel.</text>
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              <text>Pappano, Margaret Ann.</text>
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              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 59 (1999): 2490A.</text>
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              <text>Canterbury Tales--General.</text>
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              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 59 (1999)</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 183.</text>
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                <text>The Priest's Body: Literature and Popular Piety in Late Medieval England</text>
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                <text>Explores the sociocultural influence of sacerdotal celibacy on literature. Capable of performing the Mass, the "special body" of the priest became a literary icon, aligned with the Latin language in opposition to Lollardy. Lay writing emerged against clerical restraint, as seen in the concept of the "priest's body" in CT, the play Mankind, and works of Margery Kempe and Margery Baxter.</text>
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              <text>Lerer, Seth.</text>
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              <text>James J. Paxson, Lawrence M. Clopper, and Sylvia Tomasch, eds. The Performance of Middle English Culture: Essays on Chaucer and the Drama in Honor of Martin Stevens (Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 1998), pp. 59-76.</text>
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              <text>The Performance of Middle English Culture: Essays on Chaucer and the Drama in Honor of Martin Stevens.</text>
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              <text>Canterbury Tales--General.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 182.</text>
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                <text>The Chaucerian Critique of Medieval Theatricality</text>
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                <text>In the beginning of CT, Chaucer's references and allusions to late-fourteenth-century theater indicate the potentially disruptive nature of dramatic public expression. CT defines the cycle plays as radically other-provincial, civic, and communally produced.</text>
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              <text>Kensak, Michael Alan.</text>
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              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 59 (1998): 817A.</text>
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              <text>1998</text>
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              <text>Canterbury Tales--General.</text>
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              <text>Manciple and His Tale.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748946">
              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 59 (1998)</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 181.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2748939">
                <text>Dante, Alain de Lille, and the Ending of the 'Canterbury Tales'</text>
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                <text>Entry into heaven and the approach to God properly conclude a pilgrimage, as represented by Dante and Alain de Lille. In ManPT, Chaucer inverts the topos to show logic and language vitiated (not transcended) as the Cook becomes literally drunk (not spiritually inebriated), and "the Host rededicates the pilgrimage to Bacchus."</text>
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              <text>Holloway, Julia Bolton.</text>
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              <text>Julia Bolton Holloway. Jerusalem: Essays on Pilgrimage and Literature (New York: AMS Press, 1998), pp. 173-94.</text>
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              <text>1998</text>
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              <text>Jerusalem: Essays on Pilgrimage and Literature.</text>
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              <text>Canterbury Tales--General.</text>
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              <text>Wife of Bath and Her Tale.    </text>
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              <text>Pardoner and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 180.</text>
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                <text>Perverse Pilgrims: Chaucer's Wife and Pardoner</text>
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                <text>Assesses the Wife of Bath (in contrast to the Clerk) and the Pardoner (in contrast to the Parson) as "Chaucer's Diptych of Eve and Adam," commenting on their depictions in the Ellesmere manuscript and reading them as inversions of the ideals of pilgrimage. Focuses on the Wife's association with Bath and her contrast with the Samaritan woman; considers the Pardoner's distortions of "the Emmaus tale" and his affiliations with the figure of Renart.</text>
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              <text>Haas, Kurtis Boyd.</text>
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              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 59 (1999): 2970A.</text>
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              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 59 (1999)</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 179.</text>
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                <text>Rhetoric, Romance and the Structure of Authority in the 'Canterbury Tales'</text>
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                <text>Unlike other authors of chivalric romance of his time, Chaucer manipulates medieval theories of rhetoric to reveal how the relations of authority and discourse define both the pilgrim narrators and the characters in their tales. Treats WBPT, KnT, SqT, FranT, and Th.</text>
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              <text>Forni, Kathleen.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 178.</text>
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                <text>'Queynte' Arguments: The Ellesmere Order May Be the Most 'Satisfactory' but Is It Chaucer's?</text>
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                <text>Claiming "there is no clear textual evidence for the assertion that [the Ellesmere order] reflects Chaucer's intention," Forni questions the authority of the Ellesmere order and examines how that order was canonized as Chaucerian. She contends that it is impossible to determine the order in which Chaucer intended the fragments to be read.</text>
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                <text>An anthology of twelve previously published essays and excerpts from longer works that apply modern critical theory to CT. Ellis's introduction assesses the contributions of the essays to a postmodern understanding of CT.</text>
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                <text>Includes essays by H. Marshall Leicester, Jr. (on GP), Mark A. Sherman (KnT), Peggy Knapp (MilT), Carolyn Dinshaw (MLT), Arthur Lindley (WBPT), Elaine Tuttle Hansen (ClT), Carolyn P. Collette (MerT), John Stephens and Marcella Ryan (WBT and FranT), Lee Patterson (PardT), Elizabeth Robertson (PrT), Britton J. Harwood (NPT), and Paul Strohm (styles of CT).</text>
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              <text>Doltas, Dilek.</text>
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              <text>Hacettepe Bulletin of Social Sciences and Humanities 3 (1971): 157-75.</text>
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                <text>The Discussion of Love and Marriage in 'The Canterbury Tales'</text>
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                <text>While depicting love and marriage in the Marriage Group, Chaucer presents the "delights of both the flesh and the soul." The group opens with Mel; WBPT, ClT, and MerT offer extreme but lively views. FranT presents an ideal secular solution, while ParsT presents a religious ideal.</text>
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              <text>DeVries, David N.</text>
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              <text>Chaucer Review 32 (1998): 391-99.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 -175.</text>
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                <text>Chaucer and the Idols of the Market</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2748883">
                <text>Despite David Wallace's assertion that London is "absent" in Chaucer, and D. W. Robertson's contention that medieval Londoners were content within "an hierarchical classless society," CT depicts London as an "underworld," where unscrupulous characters tell unreliable tales.</text>
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                <text>  Chaucer's London is, in fact, a mercantile place that "mirrors in a perverse image the order of the ideal."</text>
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              <text>Cullen, Dolores L.</text>
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              <text>207 pp.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748876">
              <text>Canterbury Tales--General.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 174.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2748869">
                <text>Chaucer's Host: Up-So-Doun</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748874">
                <text>Allegorical reading of the CT Host as an image of Christ, a figure of the Eucharist associated with joy, heroism, and omnipotence. The Host is a guide of others and the only pilgrim not in need of penance. His name, his language, and his leadership reveal his identity with Christ. His wife, Goodelief, is a figure of the recalcitrant Church.</text>
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                <text>Argues that Chaucer and his audience were accustomed to seeking "hidden meaning" and derives the fourteenth-century notion of Christ from various sources, including Corpus Christi plays, the liturgies of Corpus Christi and Lent, Cursor mundi, and others.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Cote, Mary Kathleen Hendrickson.</text>
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              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 58 (1998): 2665A.</text>
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              <text>Wife of Bath and Her Tale.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748864">
              <text>Prioress and Her Tale.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748865">
              <text>Second Nun and Her Tale.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
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          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 58 (1998)</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 173.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2748857">
                <text>Feminine Dialectic and the Problem of Salvation in Chaucer's 'Canterbury Tales'</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2748861">
                <text>WBT, PrT, and SNT all confront the masculine authority of books, the nature of love and marriage, and the nature of feminine authority--issues of female identity and agency. They assert a feminine response to masculine discourse in CT, culminating in the balance between SNT and ParsT.</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748848">
              <text>Carruthers, Leo.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748849">
              <text>Jacqueline Hamesse et al., eds. Medieval Sermons and Society: Cloister, City, University: Proceedings of International Symposia at Kalamazoo and New York. Textes et etudes du Moyen Age, no. 9 (Louvain-la-Neuve: Fłdłration Internationale des Instituts d'₁tudes Młdiłvales, 1998), pp. 219-40.</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748851">
              <text>Medieval Sermons and Society: Cloister, City, University: Proceedings of International Symposia at Kalamazoo and New York. Textes et etudes du Moyen Age, no. 9.</text>
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        <element elementId="112">
          <name>Contributor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748852">
              <text>Hamesse, Jacqueline, et al., ed.</text>
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              <text>Canterbury Tales--General.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 172.</text>
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                <text>Know Thyself: Criticism, Reform and the Audience of 'Jacob's Well'</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2748853">
                <text>Shows how the Middle English sermon series :Jacob's Well" reflects many aspects of contemporary society. Carruthers likens its audience to that of CT.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Brosamer, Matthew James.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 58 (1998): 4643A.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748841">
              <text>1998</text>
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              <text>Canterbury Tales--General.</text>
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              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 58 (1998)</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 171.</text>
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                <text>Medieval Gluttony and Drunkenness: Consuming Sin in Chaucer and Langland</text>
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                <text>Assesses gluttony in CT and Piers Plowman, arguing that each presents consumption as both an occasion of the sin and part of its symbolic apparatus. In these works and in scriptural and patristic traditions, gluttony signifies human potential for all sins.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748830">
              <text>Boehme, Timothy Howard.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748831">
              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 60 (1999): 121A.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748832">
              <text>1999</text>
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              <text>Canterbury Tales--General.</text>
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              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 60 (1999)</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748836">
              <text>jules SAC 22 - 170.</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>'Speketh So Pleyn': Elements of the Realist/Nominalist Debate in Selected 'Canterbury Tales'</text>
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                <text>Analysis of WBPT, FrT, SumT, ClT, FranT and Ret indicates that Chaucer was "a realist with regard to religion and a nominalist with regard to language and epistemological issues."</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748819">
              <text>Bishop, Kathleen A.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 58 (1998): 4643A.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748821">
              <text>1998</text>
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              <text>Canterbury Tales--General.</text>
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              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
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              <text>Chaucerian Apocrypha.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748826">
              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 58 (1998)</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 169.</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2748818">
                <text>Classical and Medieval Influences on Chaucer's Fabliau Comedy</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748822">
                <text>Explores how classical comedy (especially Plautus and Ovid) and medieval elegiac comedies influenced Chaucer's fabliaux and the fabliau elements of ManT, WBP, TC, and the Prologue to the apocryphal Tale of Beryn.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748807">
              <text>Biebel, Elizabeth M.</text>
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              <text>Martha Carlin and Joel T. Rosenthal, eds. Food and Eating in Medieval Europe (London and Rio Grande, Ohio: Hambledon Press, 1998), pp. 15-26.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748809">
              <text>1998</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748810">
              <text>Food and Eating in Medieval Europe.</text>
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        <element elementId="112">
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              <text>Carlin, Martha, ed.</text>
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              <text>Rosenthal, Joel T., ed.</text>
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              <text>Canterbury Tales--General.</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 168.</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2748806">
                <text>Pilgrims to Table: Food Consumption in Chaucer's Canterbury Tales</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748813">
                <text>Surveys references to food in CT, arguing that they capitalize on traditional associations of the "feminized Christ" and butchered animals.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2748814">
                <text>In general terms, references to food recall the spiritual associations of pilgrimage and indicate character: individuals who eat vegetables are depicted as more upstanding than meat eaters.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748796">
              <text>Ashton, Gail.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748798">
              <text>1998</text>
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          <name>Physical Description</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748799">
              <text>viii, 206 pp.</text>
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              <text>Canterbury Tales--General.</text>
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          <name>Series</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748803">
              <text>Analysing Texts.</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 167.</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2748795">
                <text>Chaucer: The Canterbury Tales</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2748800">
                <text>An introduction to CT, designed to enable students to approach the poem on their own. Includes sections on style and narrative technique; voice, narration, and form; and themes,tensions, and ambiguities--each with explanatory discussion,summary of Chaucer's techniques, and suggestions for further reading. </text>
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                <text>Also includes sections on Chaucer's life, the context of his work, and analytic discussions of brief excerpts from several critical studies of Chaucer's works.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748785">
              <text>Allen, Mark.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748786">
              <text>Peter G. Beidler, ed. Masculinities in Chaucer: Approaches to Maleness in the Canterbury Tales and Troilus and Criseyde (Cambridge; and Rochester, N.Y.: D.S. Brewer, 1998), pp. 9-21.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748787">
              <text>1998</text>
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          <name>Alternative Title</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748788">
              <text>Masculinities in Chaucer: Approaches to Maleness in the Canterbury Tales and Troilus and Criseyde.</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748790">
              <text>Canterbury Tales--General.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748791">
              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748792">
              <text>General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales.</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748793">
              <text>jules SAC 22 - 166.</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2748784">
                <text>Mirth and Bourgeois Masculinity in Chaucer's Host</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2748789">
                <text>In the transformation from Deduit in the "Roman de la Rose" to the Host of CT, and in the actions of the Host during the pilgrimage, we can see intersections of gender and class as Chaucer constructs the Host's distinctively "bourgeois masculinity."</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748773">
              <text>Zieman, Katherine Grace.</text>
            </elementText>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748774">
              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 59 (1998): 818A.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748775">
              <text>1998</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748778">
              <text>Background and General Criticism.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748779">
              <text>Miller and His Tale.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748780">
              <text>House of Fame.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748781">
              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 59 (1998)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 165.</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2748772">
                <text>Reading and Singing: Liturgy, Literacy, and Literature in Late Medieval England</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2748776">
                <text>Late-medieval liturgical activities--especially benefactions and the education that lay behind them--resulted from a variety of conditions and motives and produced a volatile environment that influenced the rise of vernacular literacy. </text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2748777">
                <text>  Langland's Piers Plowman, Gower's Vox Clamantis, and HF and MilT reflect this volatility in various ways, with Chaucer claiming authority for the vernacular.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748761">
              <text>Yeager, R. F., ed.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748762">
              <text>Asheville, N.C.: Pegasus Press, 1998.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748763">
              <text>1998</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="99">
          <name>Physical Description</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748764">
              <text>xii; 303 pp.; 15 b&amp;w figs.</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748769">
              <text>Background and General Criticism.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748770">
              <text>jules SAC 22 - 164.</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748760">
                <text>Re-Visioning Gower</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748765">
                <text>Fifteen essays by various authors, each essay originally presented at the annual meeting of the John Gower Society between 1992 and 1997. Revised for publication, the essays explore issues of Gower's poetics and methods, his political concerns, and the texts and manuscripts of his works. Recurrent references to Chaucer, with one essay that contrasts the two poets. For the essay that pertains to Chaucer, search for Re-Visioning Gower under Alternative Title.</text>
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  <item itemId="266836" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748747">
              <text>Winstead, Karen A.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748748">
              <text>Ithaca, N.Y., and London: Cornell University Press, 1997.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748749">
              <text>1997</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="99">
          <name>Physical Description</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748750">
              <text>xiv, 201 pp.</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748755">
              <text>Background and General Criticism.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748756">
              <text>Second Nun and Her Tale.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748757">
              <text>Wife of Bath and Her Tale.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748758">
              <text>jules SAC 22 - 163.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748746">
                <text>Virgin Martyrs: Legends of Sainthood in Late Medieval England</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748751">
                <text>Divides Middle English saints' lives about virgin martyrs (ca. 1200-1450) into three subgroups and examines how each reflects the cultural conditions of its reception. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748752">
                <text>Addressed to monastic audiences, the earliest are dominated by didacticism and devotional concerns; the Katherine group is a primary example.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748753">
                <text>The second group focuses on the disruptive power of the martyrs, reflecting the social concerns of Chaucer, William Paris, Margery Kempe, and others. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748754">
                <text>The third group returned to the earlier monastic style, satisfying bourgeois conservatism and the desire for a politically safe religion found in Osbern Bokenham, John Lydgate, and versions of the life of Queen Katherine of Alexandria. Assesses how SNT, like the fabliau dynamics of WBP, relies upon invective to challenge authority.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748735">
              <text>Wilsbacher, Gregory James.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748736">
              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 59 (1999): 3448A.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748737">
              <text>1999</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748740">
              <text>Background and General Criticism.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748741">
              <text>Legend of Good Women.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2748742">
              <text>Prioress and Her Tale.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748743">
              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 59 (1999)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748744">
              <text>jules SAC 22 - 162.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748734">
                <text>Art and Obligation: Reading, Ethics, and Middle English Poetry</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748738">
                <text>Examines ethical questions raised by medieval literature for modern readers in the light of modern philosophical studies (Jean-FranƯois Lyotard, Emmanuel Levinas, Jean-Luc Nancy), as shown in LGW (literature and history), Piers Plowman (fourteenth-century poverty and critics), and PrT (anti-Semitism and critics). </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748739">
                <text>Modern readers may experience a sense of obligation not easily dealt with.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="266834" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
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      </elementSetContainer>
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748724">
              <text>Waters, Claire McMartin.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748725">
              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 59 (1999): 4423A.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748726">
              <text>1999</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748729">
              <text>Background and General Criticism.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748730">
              <text>Canterbury Tales--General.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748731">
              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 59 (1999)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748732">
              <text>jules SAC 22 - 161.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748723">
                <text>Doctrine Embodied: Gender, Performance, and Authority in Late-Medieval Preaching</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748727">
                <text>Focuses on the association of preaching and the preacher's body in medieval tradition, exploring the association through traditional identification of women and the body. Women preachers of hagiographic tradition and various exemplary women (including Constance of MLT, Griselda of ClT, and Philosophy of Bo) reflect the struggles of women to educate or preach.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748728">
                <text>Elsewhere in CT, Chaucer's own body is a secular version of the struggle.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="266833" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="8">
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        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="24">
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      <description>Items for the Chaucer Database</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748714">
              <text>Utz, Richard [J.]</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748715">
              <text>European Legacy 2.2 (1997): 206-11.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748716">
              <text>1997</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748719">
              <text>Background and General Criticism.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748720">
              <text>European Legacy 02 (1997)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2748721">
              <text>jules SAC 22 - 160.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748713">
                <text>Literary Nominalism in Chaucer's Late-Medieval England: Toward a Preliminary Paradigm</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748717">
                <text>Argues that recent attention to the late-medieval shift from realism to nominalism is attributable to a parallel shift in modern critical assumptions.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2748718">
                <text>Inspired by postmodern views of the world as "recalcitrant to universals, contingent, and supportive of . . . free will," critics have studied late-medieval nominalism as a source of linguistic and philosophical attitudes in the works of Chaucer and his contemporaries and as a bridge between medieval and modern views.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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