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              <text>McClellan, William.</text>
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              <text>James J. Paxson, Lawrence M. Clopper, and Sylvia Tomasch, eds. The Performance of Middle English Culture: Essays on Chaucer and the Drama in Honor of Martin Stevens (Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 1998), pp. 183-96.</text>
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              <text>1998</text>
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              <text>The Performance of Middle English Culture: Essays on Chaucer and the Drama in Honor of Martin Stevens.</text>
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              <text>Clerk and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 235.</text>
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                <text>A Postmodern Performance: Counter-Reading Chaucer's Clerk's Tale and Maxine Hong Kingston's 'No Name Woman'</text>
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                <text>Both ClT and Kingston's "No Name Woman" reveal how patriarchal culture operates to disguise male complicity in women's repression, and both connect issues of knowledge and power with the construction of subjectivity, showing how these are intimately tied up with the construction of sexual difference.</text>
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                <text>The Clerk takes issue with Petrarch's religious moral that erases gender, and argues that clerks-the class that controls knowledge-choose not to tell of women's suffering and forbearance. Kingston tells the story despite familial collusion in her father's desire to erase her aunt's existence.</text>
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              <text>Harding, Wendy.</text>
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              <text>Roger Ellis, Rene Tixier, and Bernd Weitemeier, eds. The Medieval Translator/Traduire au Moyen Age, 6. ([Turnhout, Belgium]: Brepols, 1998), pp. 194-210.</text>
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              <text>1998</text>
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              <text>Ellis, Roger,</text>
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              <text>Tixier, Rene,</text>
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              <text>Weitemeier, Bernd,ed.</text>
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              <text>ed.</text>
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              <text>ed.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 234.</text>
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                <text>Griselda's 'Translation' in the Clerk's Tale</text>
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                <text>Assesses Chaucer's transformation of ClT in his process of translating his sources, focusing on the imagery of clothing. Through his alterations of the clothing motif, Chaucer disclaims the traditional notion that translation is merely superficial change and makes the story his own.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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              <text>Harding, Wendy.</text>
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              <text>Chaucer Yearbook 05 (1998): 187-92.</text>
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              <text>1998</text>
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              <text>Clerk and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>Chaucer Yearbook 05 (1998)</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 233.</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Griselda's 'Olde Coote' and Textual Variance</text>
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                <text>Examines ClT 911-17 and concludes that, because of textual ambiguities, it is difficult to know whether Griselda has physically changed upon returning to her former home or, as Harding seems to believe, her "olde coote" is no longer fit to be worn.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749426">
              <text>Godorecci, Barbara J.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>RLA: Romance Languages Annual 8 (1996):192-96.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749428">
              <text>1996</text>
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              <text>Clerk and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
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              <text>Romance Languages Anual 08 (1996)</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 232.</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Re-Writing Griselda : Trials of the Grey Battle Maiden</text>
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                <text>Assesses the modifications of Boccaccio's tale of Griselda (Decameron 10.10) in the translations of Petrarch and Chaucer, focusing on the uses and nuances of the verb "provare" (to prove) and its associations with "probus" (good). In ClT, Chaucer's uses of "assaye," "tempte," and "preve" subtly reorient the meaning of the narrative.</text>
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              <text>Ginsberg, Warren.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>James J. Paxson, Lawrence M. Clopper, and Sylvia Tomasch, eds. The Performance of Middle English Culture: Essays on Chaucer and the Drama in Honor of Martin Stevens (Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 1998), pp. 125-41.</text>
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              <text>1998</text>
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              <text>The Performance of Middle English Culture: Essays on Chaucer and the Drama in Honor of Martin Stevens.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 231.</text>
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                <text>Petrarch, Chaucer and the Making of the Clerk</text>
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                <text>Assesses how the Host's address to the Clerk reflects effort to shape the identity of the Clerk as a tale-teller, so that even before the Clerk speaks, literary, philosophical, and spiritual discourses compete to define his subjectivity.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749408">
              <text>Ashton, Gail.</text>
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              <text>Chaucer Review 32(1998): 232-38.</text>
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              <text>1998</text>
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              <text>Clerk and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>Chaucer Review 32(1998)</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 230</text>
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                <text>Patient Mimesis: Griselda and the Clerk's Tale</text>
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                <text>Griselda's response to Walter at crucial points in the narrative--when he has "killed" her children and when he has banished her from the palace so he can take another "wife"--underscores his appalling behavior and demonstrates the ways outward patience is "confoundingly deceptive."</text>
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              <text>Aers, David.</text>
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                <text>Faith, Ethics, and Community: Reflections on Reading Late Medieval English Writing</text>
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                <text>Argues that Griselda of ClT is not a type of Christ, because not all depictions of human suffering imitate Christ's passion. Texts by authors from Aquinas to Wycliffe, Arundel,and William Thorpe indicate that passive suffering is one of many competing models of faith, suggesting that Chaucer's religious tales may not affirm unquestioning faith and obedience.</text>
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              <text>Olson, Glending.</text>
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              <text>Chaucer Review 33 (1998): 60-65.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 228</text>
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                <text>On the Significance of Saint Simon in the Summoner's Tale</text>
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                <text>The reference to "Symoun" alludes not to Simon Magus (as previously suggested) but to Simon the Apostle, whose connections with sin and confession advance some of the larger themes of SumT.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749380">
              <text>Lim, Hye-Soon.</text>
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              <text>Medieval English Studies 06 (1998):199-223</text>
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              <text>Summoner and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>Language and Word Studies.</text>
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              <text>Medieval English Studies 06 (1998)</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 227.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2749379">
                <text>'Glosyng' in 'The Summoner's Tale'</text>
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                <text>Deriving from the Greek word for "tongue" and from Scandinavian "superficial luster," "glosing" is the central notion of SumT. Chaucer uses it to disclose fraternal hypocrisy and distortion of Scripture. In Korean, with English abstract.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749371">
              <text>Kline, Daniel T.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>Philological Quarterly 77 (1998): 271-93.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749373">
              <text>1998</text>
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              <text>Philological Quarterly 77 (1998)</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 226.</text>
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                <text>'Myne by Right': Oath Making and Intent in The Friar's Tale</text>
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                <text>Assesses the scenes of swearing and oath making in FrT, arguing that the Tale is not only a theological exemplum but also a reflection of "cultural anxiety concerning the nature of changing social and economic relations as mediated by new forms of legal alliance that were superseding traditional feudal relationships." The summoner fails to recognize that legal, contractual relations do not banish the hierarchy of theology.</text>
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              <text>Jost, Jean E.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>Peter G. Beidler, ed. Masculinities in Chaucer: Approaches to Maleness in the Canterbury Tales and Troilus and Criseyde (Cambridge; and Rochester, N.Y.: D. S. Brewer, 1998), pp. 77-90.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749363">
              <text>1998</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749364">
              <text>Masculinities in Chaucer: Approaches to Maleness in the Canterbury Tales and Troilus and Criseyde.</text>
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              <text>Summoner and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 225.</text>
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                <text>Ambiguous Brotherhood in the Friar's Tale and Summoner's Tale</text>
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                <text>Analyzes the fraternal and potentially sexual attraction between the Friar and the Summoner by focusing on Chaucer's conception of brotherhood and the male relationships in FrPT and SumPT.</text>
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              <text>Godfrey, Mary F.</text>
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              <text>Exemplaria 10 (1998): 307-28.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 224.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2749351">
                <text>Only Words: Cursing and the Authority of Language in Chaucer's Friar's Tale</text>
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                <text>Psychoanalytic argument that the old woman's curses are pivotal to the workings of hostility, manipulation, and eroticism in FrT. The summoner, the devil, and the woman reenact a patriarchal version of the Oedipal scenario, disrupted by the woman's appropriation of masculine discourse in her own defense.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749338">
              <text>Tinkle, Theresa.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>George Bornstein and Theresa Tinkle, eds. The Iconic Page in Manuscript, Print, and Digital Culture (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1998), pp. 55-88.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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              <text>1998</text>
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              <text>Tinkle, Theresa, ed.</text>
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              <text>Bornstein, George, ed.</text>
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              <text>Manuscripts and Textual Studies.</text>
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              <text>Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 223.</text>
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                <text>The Wife of Bath's Textual/Sexual Lives</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Despite Chaucer's efforts to create a stable "poetic self-fashioning," WBPT takes different forms in its different redactions in the Hengwrt and Ellesmere manuscripts and in Thynne's 1532 edition.</text>
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                <text>The textual variants of the manuscripts, especially the so-called added passages of WBP, and the glosses to the manuscripts reflect how open the text was. Thynne's version of the Wife "manifests the hegemonics" of his literary tradition.</text>
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              <text>Seaman, Myra.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 222.</text>
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                <text>Speech In/Action: Gender and Discourse in Medieval English Romance</text>
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                <text>Medieval romance generally assumes that action is inherently a masculine activity and speech feminine, with both supporting patriarchy. Various English romances examine these assumptions (sometimes ambiguously). WBT employs them to subvert not only the clichłs of romance and chivalry but also the values of patriarchy itself.</text>
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              <text>Salla, Sandra M.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 221.</text>
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                <text>In WBT, the first mention of fairies--the Wife's lament for their disappearance--is linked to and introduces the other fairy scenes. The knight's experience demonstrates that even in her first mention of fairies the Wife associates them with happiness, sexual satisfaction, and education--notions supported by numerous medieval ballads and romances.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749311">
              <text>Rivera, Alison Bucket.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749312">
              <text>SELIM: Journal of the Spanish Society for Mediaeval English Language and Literature 6 (1996): 103-16.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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              <text>1996</text>
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              <text>Wife of Bath and Her Tale.</text>
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              <text>SELIM: Journal of the Spanish Society for Mediaeval English Language and Literature 06 (1996)</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 220</text>
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                <text>Motherhood in the Wife of Bath</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2749314">
                <text>Considers medieval family structures, attitudes toward sexuality, and marital practices to argue that the Wife of Bath "almost definitely had no children." Unlike Margery of Kempe, she may have been sterile.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749301">
              <text>Heffley, Sylvia Patricia.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749302">
              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 59 (1999): 3446A.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>1999</text>
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              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 219</text>
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                <text>Lovers and Their Critics: The Medieval Marriage and Sexuality Debates</text>
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                <text>Although Christian marriage was well defined by theologians in the twelfth through the thirteenth centuries, the proper role of sexuality remained debatable, as shown in the west portal of Senlis Cathedral, in Jean de Meun's introduction of the subject into vernacular literature in Roman de la Rose, and in Chaucer's varying treatment in WBP and WBT.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749291">
              <text>Choi, Yejung.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Medieval English Studies 05 (1997): 171-200</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
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              <text>Wife of Bath and Her Tale.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749297">
              <text>Medieval English Studies 05 (1997)</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 218</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2749290">
                <text>[Sermon and Wycliffite Thought in the Wife of Bath]</text>
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                <text>Links between WBP and Wycliffite thought indicate that Chaucer was sympathetic to the movement.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2749295">
                <text>In Korean.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749280">
              <text>Bowers, Robert.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749281">
              <text>Geardagum 19 (1998): 31-39.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749282">
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              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
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              <text>Chaucer's Retraction.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749287">
              <text>In Geardagum 19 (1998)</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 217</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2749279">
                <text>The Frame Is the Thing: Gower and Chaucer and Narrative Entente</text>
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                <text>Awareness of narratological levels helps us understand differences in intent in Gower and Chaucer. Comparison of Gower's "Tale of Florent" and Chaucer's WBT illustrates these differences. Overall, Gower has a purpose and achieves closure; Chaucer conceals his purpose and evades closure. With Ret, Chaucer "is just beginning what Gower has ended" (38).</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749271">
              <text>Biebel, Elizabeth M.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749272">
              <text>Peter G. Beidler, ed. Masculinities in Chaucer: Approaches to Maleness in the Canterbury Tales and Troilus and Criseyde (Cambridge; and Rochester, N.Y.: D. S. Brewer, 1998), pp. 63-75.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749273">
              <text>1998</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749274">
              <text>Masculinities in Chaucer: Approaches to Maleness in the Canterbury Tales and Troilus and Criseyde.</text>
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              <text>Wife of Bath and Her Tale.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 216.</text>
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                <text>A Wife, a Batterer, a Rapist : Representations of 'Masculinity' in the Wife of Bath's Prologue and Tale</text>
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                <text>WBT reveals the Wife's idealized vision of society. The Tale answers her society's gender inequities, which victimize both men and women, by depicting a world wherein ultimately women and men are recognized as individuals.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749262">
              <text>Biebel, Elizabeth M.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 59 (1998): 1564A.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749264">
              <text>1998</text>
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              <text>Wife of Bath and Her Tale.</text>
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              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 59 (1998)</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 -215.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2749261">
                <text>The Lion, the Lady, and the Curtain: Alisoun's Transformation Under Feminist Criticism</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Feminist criticism has changed perceptions of the Wife of Bath. Feminist critics perceive her not as a superficial and "garish caricature" of womanhood but as a serious person attempting to establish her identity, rejecting antifeminist tradition, interpreting masculine monopoly of the written word, and then providing a message on queenship. Explores pedagogical uses of WBPT.</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749253">
              <text>Reed, Teresa P.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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              <text>Mediaevalia 21 (1997): 231-48.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749255">
              <text>1997</text>
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          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749257">
              <text>Man of Law and His Tale.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749258">
              <text>Mediaevalia 21 (1997)</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749259">
              <text>jules SAC 22 - 214.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2749252">
                <text>Shadows of the Law: Chaucer's Man of Law's Tale, Exemplarity and Narrativity</text>
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                <text>Parallels between Mary and Constance exist not only in details but also in narrative strategy, since both women are subject to the complexities and contradictions of the exemplary mode. In addition, Constance is presented through metaphors of death, revealing the limits of law and the Man of Law's narrative capacity.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749243">
              <text>Nolan, Maura Bridget.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749244">
              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 60 (1999): 123A.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749245">
              <text>1999</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749247">
              <text>Man of Law and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>Chaucer's Influence and Later Allusion.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749249">
              <text>Dissertation Abstracts International 60 (1999)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 213</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2749242">
                <text>Past Imagined, Future Retold: English Poetry, 1350-1450</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2749246">
                <text>The poetry of the age demonstrates the construction and manipulation of history, while popular culture reflects the changing relations of ruler and laws. Thus "Wynnere and Wasture" treats the 1352 Statute of Treasons. Chaucer's MLT,a poetic revision of history, showed his successors (especially Lydgate) the means of assimilating ever-changing political situations.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749231">
              <text>Landman, James [H.]</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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              <text>Studies in the Age of Chaucer 20 (1998): 1-39.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749233">
              <text>1998</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749236">
              <text>Man of Law and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>Second Nun and Her Tale.</text>
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              <text>Clerk and His Tale.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749239">
              <text>Studies in the Age of Chaucer 20 (1998)</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
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              <text>jules SAC 22 -212.</text>
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                <text>Proving Constant: Torture and The Man of Law's Tale</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>In MLT, the torment of Constance is explicitly linked with the judicial torture of Alla's messenger. A notion of a "single, certain truth" underlies the concern with torture in the Tale, also reflected in the attitude toward fiction expressed in MLP and threatened by the inscrutability of women in MLT.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2749235">
                <text>Landman surveys medieval English legal attitudes toward torture and argues that the Man of Law is a "particularly appropriate narrator" who subscribes to a "logic of torture." MLT reflects this logic more clearly than SNT or ClT.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749222">
              <text>Goldstein, R. James.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749223">
              <text>Chaucer Review 33 (1998): 31-42.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749224">
              <text>1998</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749226">
              <text>Man of Law and His Tale.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2749227">
              <text>Chaucer Review 33 (1998)</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2749228">
              <text>jules SAC 22 - 211.</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2749221">
                <text>'To Scotlond-ward His Foomen for to Seke': Chaucer, the Scots, and the Man of Law's Tale</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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              <elementText elementTextId="2749225">
                <text>Places the anti-Scottish legendary history of MLT into English historiographic tradition, especially Trevet's Chronicle. Argues that Chaucer implicitly supports England's claim to the overlordship of Scotland, a claim renewed by Henry IV and indirectly endorsed in Chaucer's "Purse."</text>
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          </element>
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