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              <text>Lerer, Seth.</text>
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              <text>N&amp;Q 248: 13-17, 2003.</text>
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              <text>Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations.</text>
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                <text>Unpublished Sixteenth-Century Arguments to The Canterbury Tales</text>
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                <text>Prints handwritten summaries from a copy of the 1550 edition of Chaucer's works (Cambridge University Library Peterborough B.6.13) and discusses their usefulness for a history of the literary argument, documenting one reader's response to CT and providing a record of the changing English lexicon.</text>
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              <text>Lewis, Celia.</text>
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              <text>Robert G. Benson and Susan J. Ridyard, eds. New Readings of Chaucer's Poetry (Rochester, N.Y., and Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 2003), pp. 139-64.</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 27:234</text>
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                <text>Framing Fiction with Death: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales and the Plague</text>
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                <text>Late-medieval preoccupation with mortality defies the solace of fiction. PhyT and PardT offer no hope of physical or spiritual life, and ParsT kills storytelling.</text>
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              <text>Chaucer's Influence and Later Allusion.</text>
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              <text>Squire and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 27:57</text>
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                <text>Lydgate's Steede of Brass: A Chaucerian Analogue in Troy Book IV</text>
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                <text>Suggests that the mechanical aspects of the Trojan Horse in Lydgate's poem were influenced by the steed of brass in SqT.</text>
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              <text>Lindeboom, B. W.</text>
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              <text>Ph.D. diss., Free University, Amsterdam, 2003.</text>
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              <text>469 pp.</text>
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              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
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              <text>Legend of Good Women.</text>
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              <text>Canterbury Tales--General.</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 27: 50</text>
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                <text>Chaucer's Testament of Love: The Impact of the Confessio Amantis on the Canterbury Tales</text>
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                <text>In response to Gower's words to Chaucer at the end of "Confessio Amantis" (8.2941-57), Chaucer first revised LGWP and then completely restructured the plan for CT (e.g., taking Mel away from the Man of Law and giving him a "Gower" tale instead).</text>
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              <text>Low, Anthony.</text>
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              <text>Pittsburgh, Penn. : Duquesne University Press, 2003.</text>
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              <text>xxi, 242 pp.</text>
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              <text>Pardoner and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>Medieval &amp; Renaissance Literary Studies</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 27:235</text>
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                <text>Aspects of Subjectivity: Society and Individuality from the Middle Ages to Shakespeare and Milton</text>
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                <text>Subjectivity and a sense of the importance of the inner self and the individual developed gradually from the early Middle Ages to the seventeenth century. Nothing is altogether new in the stunning early-modernist sense of a vast, inner world of the self. What is new is the sense that the world within is more real than the world outside. Chaucer's Pardoner displays little awareness of his inner self. His despicable character and behavior make him a negative exemplar, whom Chaucer holds up for his audience's blame and execration.</text>
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              <text>Machan, Tim William.</text>
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              <text>Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.</text>
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              <text>x, 205 pp.</text>
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              <text>Reeve and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>Parliament of Fowls.</text>
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              <text>Nun's Priest and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 27:77</text>
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                <text>English in the Middle Ages</text>
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                <text>Machan studies the "social meanings, functions, and status of the English language in the late-medieval period," i.e., its "sociolinguistic contextualization." He explores Henry III's letters of 1258; the relationships between language, dialects, and nationhood; RvT and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight; and the early afterlife of Middle English. Chaucer uses aberrant dialectical forms in RvT not to record a northern dialect, but to represent the dynamics of social ambition through linguistic form--a technique he also uses in PF and in the reference to the Revolt of 1381 in NPT.</text>
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              <text>Martin, Carl Grey.</text>
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                <text>'Bitraised Thorugh False Folk': Criseyde, the Siege, and the Threat of Treason</text>
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                <text>The romance "The Siege of Thebes" being read by Criseyde at the beginning of the poem prepares us for her preoccupation with "siege" throughout the work. Pandarus persuades her to conceptualize Troilus as an antidote for the siege's danger, while Troy depends on the expense of the war effort. Traded to the Greeks, Criseyde becomes an outsider, joining the ranks of expatriates and exiles incessantly shifting around her.</text>
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              <text>Massey, Jeff.</text>
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                <text>'The Double Bind of Troilus to Tellen': The Time of the Gift in Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde</text>
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                <text>TC exhibits a notable conflict between gift and not-gift economics--between ideal giving and practical commodity exchange. The rules of courtly love, ostensibly designed to ennoble the lover and enable "true" love, in practice disallow unconditional giving and reduce true love to commodity. The theories of Mauss and Derrida can profitably be applied to this text.</text>
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              <text>Matsuo, Masatsugu.</text>
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              <text>Michio Kawai, ed. Language and Style in English Literature: Essays in Honour of Michio Masui. Tokyo: Kenkyusha Shuppan, 1991, pp. 83-92.</text>
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              <text>1991</text>
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              <text>Language and Style in English Literature: Essays in Honour of Michio Masui.</text>
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              <text>Language and Word Studies.</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2764824">
              <text>vxl SAC 27:78</text>
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                <text>A Multivariate Analysis of English Poems: Examples of Blake and Chaucer</text>
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                <text>Using Hayashi's Quantification Method Type III (a multivariate analysis), Matsuo describes distinctive features of several linguistic structures and clarifies clusters of similarities and dissimilarities. Cites examples from poetry by Chaucer and Blake.</text>
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                <text>In Japanese.</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>McAlpine, Monica E.</text>
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              <text>Studies in the Age of Chaucer 25: 199-224,   2003.</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 27: 287</text>
            </elementText>
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                <text>Criseyde's Prudence</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2764811">
                <text>In her "active suffering," Criseyde reflects a Boethian notion of agency. In her prudential counseling of Troilus, she properly dissuades him from "treasonable elopement in time of war." The article explores how Criseyde's advice to Troilus and her later commentary on Prudence (TC 5.744-49) reflect her fundamental "trouthe." McAlpine contrasts Criseyde's perspectives with those of Troilus, Calkas, and Cassandra to disclose Chaucer's anxieties about how knowledge of the future can distort ethical judgment.</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764798">
              <text>McCarthy, Conor.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764799">
              <text>Parergon, n.s., 20: 1-18. ,   2003.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="114">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764800">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764802">
              <text>Man of Law and His Tale.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764803">
              <text>Language and Word Studies</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764804">
              <text>Parergon 20 (2003)</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764805">
              <text>vxl SAC 27:192</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2764797">
                <text>Injustice and Chaucer's Man of Law</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Chancery highlighted problems posed in the medieval common law courts by failures in jurisprudence. MLT raises questions about injustice that reflect critically on the Sergeant of Law. Though he is shown to be an expert in jurisprudence, he is satirized by language--specifically the word "termes," used elsewhere in Chaucer to suggest technical or deceptive language.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2764786">
              <text>McCarthy, Conor.</text>
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          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764787">
              <text>Donald Mowbray, Rhiannon Purdie, and Ian P. Wei, eds. Authority &amp; Community in the Middle Ages (Phoenix Mill, Gloucestershire: Sutton, 1999), pp. 101-15.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764788">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764789">
              <text>Authority &amp; Community in the Middle Ages.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
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          <name>Contributor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764790">
              <text>Mowbray, Donald, ed.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764791">
              <text>Purdie, Rhiannon, ed.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764792">
              <text>Wei, Ian P., ed.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
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          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Wife of Bath and Her Tale.</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764795">
              <text>vxl SAC 27: 204</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2764785">
                <text>The Position of Widows in the Later Fourteenth-Century English Community and the Wife of Bath's Prologue</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2764793">
                <text>Because they were not subject to fathers or husbands, widows posed a challenge to dominant views of women in late fourteenth-century England. Chaucer's Wife of Bath is portrayed as lecherous, yet she may also embody broader concerns about widowhood.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764775">
              <text>McCracken, Peggy.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="98">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764776">
              <text>Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2003.</text>
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          <name>Date</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764777">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2764778">
              <text>xii, 178 pp.</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764780">
              <text>Man of Law and His Tale.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2764781">
              <text>Prioress and Her Tale.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764782">
              <text>Clerk and His Tale.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2764783">
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                <text>The Curse of Eve, the Wound of the Hero: Blood, Gender, and Medieval Literature</text>
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                <text>Mentions MLT, PrT, and ClT in the larger context of gender and blood in medieval culture. McCracken argues that gendered cultural values are "mapped onto blood and that cultural values are inscribed into a natural order." Compares Chaucer's MLT with "Le Roman du Comte d'Anjou," which makes an implicit connection between the "polluting blood of parturition and the supposedly non-noble blood of the mother," suggesting that Chaucer's reference to monstrous birth refers to the "contested lineage and rituals that define the impurity of childbirth." Bibliography and index.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2764766">
              <text>Hill, John.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2764767">
              <text>Robert G. Benson and Susan J. Ridyard, eds. New Readings of Chaucer's Poetry (Rochester, N.Y., and Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 2003), pp. 165-82.</text>
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          <name>Date</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764768">
              <text>2003</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764769">
              <text>New Readings of Chaucer's Poetry.</text>
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              <text>Troilus and Criseyde.</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 27:283</text>
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                <text>Aristocratic Friendship in Troilus and Criseyde: Pandarus, Courtly Love and Ciceronian Brotherhood in Troy</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2764770">
                <text>In light of Cicero's "De amicitia," the noble friendship between Troilus and Pandarus helps to elevate TC to a great tragedy.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Hines, John.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764757">
              <text>SAC 25: 299-308,   2003.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764758">
              <text>2003</text>
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              <text>Colloquium: The Manciple's Tale.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2764761">
              <text>Manciple and His Tale.</text>
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              <text>Studies in the Age of Chaucer 25 (2003)</text>
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          <description/>
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              <text>vxl SAC 27:260</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2764755">
                <text>'For sorwe of which he brak his minstralcye': The Demise of the 'Sweete Noyse' of Verse in the Canterbury Tales</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2764760">
                <text>ManT and the depiction of the Manciple reflect Chaucer's effort to undermine bourgeois threats to court culture, his critique of practical "wit," and, simultaneously, his affirmation of the destructive power of adultery.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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      <description>Items for the Chaucer Database</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764745">
              <text>Hirsh, John C.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>Oxford: Blackwell, 2003.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764747">
              <text>2003</text>
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        <element elementId="99">
          <name>Physical Description</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764748">
              <text>x, 175 pp.; 7 b&amp;w illus.</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764750">
              <text>Canterbury Tales-General.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2764751">
              <text>Chaucer's Life.</text>
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        <element elementId="104">
          <name>Series</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764752">
              <text>Blackwell Introductions to Literature</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764753">
              <text>vxl SAC 27: 151</text>
            </elementText>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2764744">
                <text>Chaucer and the Canterbury Tales: A Short Introduction</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2764749">
                <text>Introduces students to Chaucer's life (opening chapter), comments on critical approaches to Chaucer, and presents several groups of recurring topics in CT: gender, religion, race, and class; love, sex, and marriage; God and spirituality; adaptations of dream-vision literature in CT; and representations of fate and death. The volume includes a selected bibliography and brief indexes of subjects and critics' names. A separate chapter includes plot summaries of each of the Tales.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764735">
              <text>Hirsh, John C.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764736">
              <text>John C. Hirsh. The Boundaries of Faith: The Development and Transmission of Medieval Spirituality. Studies in the History of Christian Thought, no. 67 (Leiden: Brill, 1996), pp. 78-90.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764737">
              <text>1996</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764738">
              <text>The Boundaries of Faith: The Development and Transmission of Medieval Spirituality.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
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              <text>Second Nun and Her Tale.</text>
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        <element elementId="104">
          <name>Series</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764741">
              <text>Studies in the History of Christian Thought, no. 67.</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764742">
              <text>vxl SAC 27: 256</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2764734">
                <text>Feminism and Spirituality in Chaucer: The Second Nun's Tale</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2764739">
                <text>Revised version of "The Second Nun's Tale," first published in C. David Benson and Elizabeth Robertson, eds. Chaucer's Religious Tales (Cambridge:  Brewer, 1990).</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764726">
              <text>Holliday, Peter.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>William K. Finley and Joseph Rosenblum, eds. Chaucer Illustrated: Five Hundred Years of the Canterbury Tales in Pictures (SAC 27 [2005], no. 105), pp. 326-67.</text>
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          <name>Date</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764728">
              <text>2003</text>
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        <element elementId="108">
          <name>Alternative Title</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764729">
              <text>Chaucer Illustrated: Five Hundred Years of the Canterbury Tales in Pictures</text>
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          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764731">
              <text>Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations.</text>
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          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2764732">
              <text>vxl SAC 27:23</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2764725">
                <text>The Golden Cockerel Press, The Canterbury Tales &amp; Eric Gill: Decoration and the Mise en Page</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2764730">
                <text>Holliday considers Eric Gill's wood-engraving illustrations to The Canterbury Tales (4 vols., Golden Cockerel Press, 1929-31) in light of Gill's collaboration with Robert Gibbings (owner of the press), the legacy of Edward Johnston (Gill's teacher of lettering), and the Arts and Crafts movement, which can be traced to William Morris. Gill's breaks with tradition are evident in his greater concern with typographical design than with historical atmosphere.</text>
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  <item itemId="268387" public="1" featured="0">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764713">
              <text>Honegger, Thomas.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764714">
              <text>Irma Taavitsainen and Andreas H. Jucker, eds. Diachronic Perspectives on Address Term Systems (Philadelphia: Benjamins, 2003), pp. 61-84.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764715">
              <text>2003</text>
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          <name>Alternative Title</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764716">
              <text>Diachronic Perspectives on Address Term Systems.</text>
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        <element elementId="112">
          <name>Contributor</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764717">
              <text>Taavitsainen, Irma, ed.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2764718">
              <text>Jucker, Andreas H., ed.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764720">
              <text>Language and Word Studies.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2764721">
              <text>Knight and His Tale</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="104">
          <name>Series</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764722">
              <text>Pragmatics and Beyond, n.s., no. 107</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2764723">
              <text>vxl SAC 27:72 &amp; 29:79</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2764712">
                <text>'And if ye wol nat so, my lady sweete, thane preye I thee, [ . . .]': Forms of Address in Chaucer's Knight's Tale</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2764719">
                <text>Honegger argues that analyses of international forms of address would gain depth if critics considered "situational" factors and even "competing interactional" factors along with traditional considerations of ye/thou pronouns. Focuses on addresses to the gods in KnT to demonstrate such complicating factors.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764703">
              <text>Horobin, S. C. P.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764704">
              <text>English Studies 84: 426-30,   2003.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764705">
              <text>2003</text>
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          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764707">
              <text>Language and Word Studies.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764708">
              <text>Romaunt of the Rose.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764709">
              <text>English Studies 84 (2003)</text>
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          <name>Source</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764710">
              <text>vxl SAC 27:73</text>
            </elementText>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2764702">
                <text>Pennies, Pence, and Pans: Some Chaucerian Misreadings</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2764706">
                <text>In RvT 3944 and FrT 1614, "panne" can be read as the plural of penny instead of pan or dish. In early fourteenth-century Type II London dialect, "panne" is a common variant of "peni." In this light, Chaucer's authorship of fragments B and C of Rom ought to be reconsidered.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2764689">
              <text>Horobin, Simon.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764690">
              <text>Cambridge : D. S. Brewer, 2003.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764691">
              <text>2003</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="99">
          <name>Physical Description</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764692">
              <text>x, 179 pp.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764695">
              <text>Language and Word Studies.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2764696">
              <text>Manuscripts and Textual Studies.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764697">
              <text>Equatorie of the Planetis.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764698">
              <text>Romaunt of the Rose.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="104">
          <name>Series</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764699">
              <text>Chaucer Studies, no. 32.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764700">
              <text>vxl SAC 27: 74</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2764688">
                <text>The Language of the Chaucer Tradition</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2764693">
                <text>Horobin explores how linguistic issues affect questions of attribution, reception, and manuscript authority, focusing not only on lexicon but also on orthography, phonology, and grammar. The language of the Hengwrt manuscript of CT (perhaps produced as a text for oral presentation) is closer to Chaucer's original language than has previously been thought; the language of Ellesmere (perhaps produced for silent reading) is much more regularized. .</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2764694">
                <text>Linguistic evidence in Equat does not support Chaucerian authorship, while new evidence about the London dialect suggests reconsideration of Chaucer's authorship of the B and C fragments of Rom. Fifteenth-century scribes were careful to preserve details of Chaucer's language, even archaic or dialectal features, resisting fifteenth-century movement toward a standardized English language.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764678">
              <text>Hughes, Alan.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764679">
              <text>Pentrefoelas, Wales: AlaNia, 2003.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764680">
              <text>2003</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764681">
              <text>x, 160 pp.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764683">
              <text>Canterbury Tales-General.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2764684">
              <text>Envoy to Bukton.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764685">
              <text>Envoy to Scogan.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764686">
              <text>vxl SAC 27:152</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2764677">
                <text>Signs and Circumstances: A Study of Allegory in Chaucer's Canterbury Tales</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2764682">
                <text>Hughes reads CT as an allegorical political critique of the reign of Richard II. The GP descriptions allegorically represent aspects of Richard's personality or persons in his court. Each of the individual tales comments on specific political events and/or pervasive social conditions. The book also discusses political allegory in Scog and Buk.</text>
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  <item itemId="268383" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764669">
              <text>Jager, Eric.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764670">
              <text>Donka Minkova and Theresa Tinkle, eds. Chaucer and the Challenges of Medievalism: Studies in Honor of H. A. Kelly (Frankfurt and New York : Peter Lang, 2003), pp. 253-60.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764671">
              <text>2003</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
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          <name>Alternative Title</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764672">
              <text>Chaucer and the Challenges of Medievalism: Studies in Honor of H. A. Kelly.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764674">
              <text>Shipman and His Tale.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764675">
              <text>vxl 27:239</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2764668">
                <text>The Shipman's Tale: Merchant's Time and Church's Time, Secular and Sacred Space</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2764673">
                <text>Jager draws upon commentary by Jacques Le Goff and Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum regarding how time was measured in the late Middle Ages. He argues that ShT indicates how merchant time, space, and values triumph over those of the Church, because of an expanding middle class and a growing awareness of the value of time.</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
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  <item itemId="268382" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
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        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764659">
              <text>Jeffrey, Chris.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764660">
              <text>Katja Lenz and Ruth Möhlig, eds. Of dyuersitie &amp; chaunge of langage: Essays Presented to Manfred Grlach on the Occasion of His 65th Birthday (Heidelberg: Winter, 2002), pp. 319-38.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764661">
              <text>2003</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="108">
          <name>Alternative Title</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764662">
              <text>Of dyuersitie &amp; chaunge of langage: Essays Presented to Manfred Grlach on the Occasion of His 65th Birthday.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="112">
          <name>Contributor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764663">
              <text>Lenz, Katja, ed.</text>
            </elementText>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764665">
              <text>Pardoner and His Tale.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764666">
              <text>vxl 232</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2764658">
                <text>Registers in Chaucer's Pardoner's Prologue and Tale</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2764664">
                <text>Applies "register-theory" to PardPT to demonstrate Chaucer's "Gothic" juxtapositioning of various kinds of discourse. Jeffrey examines the mode, domain, topic, and tenor of the discursive units in PardPT and suggests that the characteristic variety of CT can be laid clear through such analysis.</text>
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          </element>
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  <item itemId="268381" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
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            </element>
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    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="24">
      <name>ChaucerItem2</name>
      <description>Items for the Chaucer Database</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764648">
              <text>Jenkins, Charles M.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764649">
              <text>Lewiston, N.Y.: Mellen, 2003.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764650">
              <text>2003</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="99">
          <name>Physical Description</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764651">
              <text>[viii], 268 pp.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764653">
              <text>Book of the Duchess.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764654">
              <text>Troilus and Criseyde.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="104">
          <name>Series</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764655">
              <text>Studies in Mediaeval Literature, no. 25.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2764656">
              <text>vxl SAC 27:117</text>
            </elementText>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2764647">
                <text>The Paradox of the Mystical Text in Medieval English Literature</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2764652">
                <text>Jenkins surveys scriptural, Latin patristic, Anglo-Saxon, and late-medieval English representations and appropriations of mysticism, arguing that "medieval indeterminacy" is in many ways epistemologically and theologically grounded in mysticism. Includes discussion of Pearl in comparison with BD as, respectively, failed mysticism and mockery of mysticism. Also reads TC as a "satirical parody" of motifs drawn from mysticism that leads its audience to "true spiritual desire."</text>
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          </element>
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