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              <text>Orth, William.</text>
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              <text>ChauR 42 (2007): 196-210.</text>
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              <text>Prioress and Her Tale</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 31:258</text>
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                <text>The Problem of the Performative in Chaucer's Prioress Sequence</text>
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                <text>Whereas the GP portrait of the Prioress raises questions about the operation of performances in general, we see in PrPT the efficacy of performative utterances in particular. Details of the boy's murder and postmortem singing demonstrate that the success of such an utterance rests on a speaker's understanding of its "perlocutionary object."</text>
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              <text>Kelly, Henry Ansgar.</text>
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              <text>Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History, 3rd ser., 3 (2007): 71-129.</text>
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              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
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              <text>Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History, 3rd ser., 03 (2007)</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 31:257</text>
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                <text>'The Prioress's Tale' in Context: Good and Bad Reports of Non-Christians in Fourteenth-Century England</text>
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                <text>Kelly surveys depictions of non-Christians in Chaucer's works and in works familiar to Chaucer: "Speculum historiale" by Vincent of Beauvais, "Legenda aurea" by Jacob of Voragine, English legendaries, miracles of the Virgin, pictorial tradition, and works by John Bromyard, Bishop Brinton, and William Langland. Attitudes toward non-Christians, including Jews, vary in these works (including Chaucer's), depending on "mood and circumstance."</text>
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              <text>Farrell, Thomas J.</text>
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              <text>ChauR 42 (2007): 211-21.</text>
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              <text>Chaucer Review 42 92007)</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 31:256</text>
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                <text>The Prioress's Fair Forehead</text>
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                <text>Looking beyond the OED's definition of "span"--a length of roughly nine inches--to a range of medieval senses of the word suggests that the width of the Prioress's forehead "offers no meaningful foothold for objecting to her."</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777497">
              <text>Sheridan, Christian.</text>
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          <name>Published</name>
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              <text>Sandra M. Hordis and Paul Hardwick, eds. Medieval English Comedy (Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2007), pp. 111-23.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777500">
              <text>Medieval English Comedy.</text>
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              <text>Shipman and His Tale</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 31:255</text>
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                <text>Funny Money: Puns and Currency in the Shipman's Tale</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Sheridan assesses the "common logic" of puns and money in ShT. Both pose the threat of vacuity--meaninglessness or lack of value--while simultaneously offering pleasure.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777486">
              <text>Beidler, Peter G.</text>
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              <text>Holly A. Crocker, ed. Comic Provocations: Exposing the Corpus of Old French Fabliaux. (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006), pp. 149-61.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777488">
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              <text>Comic Provocations: Exposing the Corpus of Old French Fabliaux.</text>
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              <text>Crocker, Holly A., ed.</text>
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              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 31:254</text>
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                <text>Chaucer's French Accent: Gardens and Sex-Talk in the Shipman's Tale</text>
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                <text>When Chaucer used Boccaccio's "Decameron" 8.1 as his source for ShT, he was also influenced by French fabliaux, particularly a garden scene in the thirteenth-century "Aloul" and, more generally, the animal euphemisms typical of the genre in French tradition.</text>
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              <text>Yvernault, Martine.</text>
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              <text>Eduardo Ramos-Izquierdo, ed. Seminaria 1--Les Espaces du Corps 1: Littérature (Mexico and Paris: RILMA2/ADEHL [Association pour le Développement des Études Hispaniques en Limousin]), 2007, pp. 9-26.</text>
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              <text>2007</text>
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              <text>Seminaria 1--Les Espaces du Corps 1: Littérature.</text>
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              <text>Ramos-Izquierdo, Eduardo, ed.</text>
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              <text>Pardoner and His Tale</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 31:253</text>
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                <text>Le corps comme relique(s), reste(s), fragment(s) dans le Conte du vendeur d'indulgences de Chaucer</text>
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                <text>Focuses on the rich meanings and implications of fragment in PardPT.</text>
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              <text>Tolmie, Sarah.</text>
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              <text>SAC 29 (2007): 341-73.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777468">
              <text>2007</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777470">
              <text>Pardoner and His Tale</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777471">
              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
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          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777472">
              <text>Studies in the Age of Chaucer 29 (2007)</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777473">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:252</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>The Professional: Thomas Hoccleve</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2825829">
                <text>Assesses Hoccleve's use of an "enfeebled persona" as a means to compete seriously with the "tasteful silences" of Chaucer and the "guilty fulminations" of Langland on the topic of vernacular poetic identity. Compares Hoccleve's "Male Regle" with PardPT and with the Seven Deadly Sins section of the B-text of "Piers Plowman," treating them as variations of an exemplum against sin, situated in a food-and-drink setting. Whereas Langland struggles to represent poetic personhood directly, Chaucer uses the ironic device of an unreliable narrator. Hoccleve, "by dint of his chronically complaining persona," focuses attention on the poet as the "logical spokesperson for the disenchanted world."</text>
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  <item itemId="269625" public="1" featured="0">
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777457">
              <text>Pattwell, Niamh.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Kathy Cawsey and Jason Harris, eds. Transmission and Transformation in the Middle Ages: Texts and Contexts (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2007), pp. 115-30.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777459">
              <text>2007</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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          <name>Alternative Title</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777460">
              <text>Transmission and Transformation in the Middle Ages: Texts and Contexts.</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777462">
              <text>Pardoner and His Tale</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777463">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:251</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2777456">
                <text>'The venym of symony': The Debate on the Eucharist in the Late Fourteenth Century and The Pardoner's Prologue and Tale</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2825830">
                <text>Patwell explores how the Pardoner "transgresses the boundaries between lay man and cleric and between lollardy and orthodoxy," focusing on how in PardPT Chaucer exposes extreme views about the Eucharist and how he targets what is being condemned without condemning any particular doctrinal system.</text>
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  <item itemId="269624" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777447">
              <text>Minnis, Alastair.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777448">
              <text>Lawrence Besserman, ed. Sacred and Secular in Medieval and Early Modern Cultures: New Essays. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006, pp. 63-82.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777449">
              <text>2006</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="108">
          <name>Alternative Title</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777450">
              <text>Sacred and Secular in Medieval and Early Modern Cultures: New Essays.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="112">
          <name>Contributor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777451">
              <text>Besserman, Lawrence [L.], ed.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777453">
              <text>Pardoner and His Tale</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777454">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:250</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2777446">
                <text>Purchasing Pardon: Material and Spiritual Economies on the Canterbury Pilgrimage</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2825831">
                <text>Minnis explores medieval attempts to "explain the difficult and dangerous relationship" between "material and spiritual economies" underlying pardons or indulgences, commenting on the explanations of Albert the Great, Aquinas, and Bonaventure and examining late medieval English defense (perhaps by canon lawyer Richard Godmersham) of the plenary status of the indulgence for a pilgrimage to Canterbury. In this light, Chaucer's Pardoner is an example of "rapacious greed" who ignores the principles of indulgence.</text>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="269623" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
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    </collection>
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      <description>Items for the Chaucer Database</description>
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        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777437">
              <text>Minnis, Alastair.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777438">
              <text>R. N. Swanson, ed. Promissory Notes on the Treasury of Merits: Indulgences in Late Medieval Europe (Boston and Leiden: Brill, 2007), pp. 169-95.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777439">
              <text>2007</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="108">
          <name>Alternative Title</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777440">
              <text>Promissory Notes on the Treasury of Merits: Indulgences in Late Medieval Europe.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="112">
          <name>Contributor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777441">
              <text>Swanson, R. N., ed.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777443">
              <text>Pardoner and His Tale</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777444">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:249</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2777436">
                <text>The Construction of Chaucer's Pardoner</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2825832">
                <text>There is a paucity of writing on indulgences in medieval vernacular literatures. Minnis explores depictions of pardoners and indulgences in PardP, Langland's "Piers Plowman, "and John Heywood's "The Foure PP" and "The Pardoner and the Frere." Chaucer's Pardoner is best understood as "an aberrant quaestor," a lay usurper of the powers granted only to members of the ecclesiastical major orders.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="269622" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="8">
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="24">
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777427">
              <text>Legassie, Shayne Aaron.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777428">
              <text>SAC 29 (2007): 183-223.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777429">
              <text>2007</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777431">
              <text>Pardoner and His Tale</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777432">
              <text>Knight and His Tale.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777433">
              <text>Studies in the Age of Chaucer 29 (2007)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777434">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:248</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2777426">
                <text>Chaucer's Pardoner and Host-On the Road, in the Alehouse</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2825833">
                <text>Combines psychoanalysis, ethnography, and "queer theory" to examine pilgrimage, travel, and specific locations as narrative devices that undermine and assert masculinities in CT, especially those of the Pardoner, the Host, and the Knight in the "alehouse scene" of Part 6. Female gender performance is not similarly destabilized by travel and location in Chaucer's poem. Legassie draws comparisons and contrasts from various pilgrimage accounts and from the Guild Hall memorandum concerning the John/Eleanor Rykener trial; also challenges notions of the "liminality" of travel.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="269621" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="8">
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="24">
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777417">
              <text>Klassen, Norman.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777418">
              <text>N&amp;Q 252 (2007): 233-36.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777419">
              <text>2007</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777421">
              <text>Pardoner and His Tale</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777422">
              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777423">
              <text>Notes and Queries 252 (2007)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777424">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:247</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2777416">
                <text>Two Possible Sources for Chaucer's Description of the Pardoner</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2777420">
                <text>Sallust's association of avarice with effeminacy in "The War with Catiline" and Aulus Gellius's subsequent reiteration of the link in his "Attic Nights" are two possible sources for the combination of avarice with effeminacy in Chaucer's Pardoner.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="269620" public="1" featured="0">
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="24">
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777407">
              <text>Heffernan, Carol Falvo.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777408">
              <text>Florilegium 22 (2005): 105-20.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777409">
              <text>2005</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777411">
              <text>Pardoner and His Tale</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777412">
              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777413">
              <text>Florilegium 22 (2005)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777414">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:246</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Boccaccio's Decameron 6.10 and Chaucer's Canterbury Tales VI.287-968: Thinking on Your Feet and the Set-Piece</text>
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                <text>Cipolla's tale concludes a set of stories focusing on wit, and PardT ends a fragment that precedes one centered on poetic language. The tales of both speakers coincide in "genre, character, theme, and placement," even though Cipolla improvises his story and the Pardoner relies on a set text.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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              <text>Friedman, John Block.</text>
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          <name>Published</name>
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              <text>Viator 38.1 (2007): 289-319.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777399">
              <text>2007</text>
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          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777401">
              <text>Pardoner and His Tale</text>
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              <text>Sources, Analogues, and LIterary Relations.</text>
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          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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              <text>Viator 38 (2007)</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777404">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:245</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2777396">
                <text>Chaucer's Pardoner, Rutebeuf's 'Dit de l'Herberie,' the 'Dit du Mercier,' and Cultural History</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2825835">
                <text>Friedman argues that French comic "trade" literature is source material for PardP, identifying parallels in details and in the hucksterish rhetoric of the works. He suggests that the Pardoner's sexuality may have been influenced by discussion of the spice "garingaut" in the anonymous "Dit du Mercier" and identifies a number of medieval works--French and English--in the broad tradition of sales-pitch literature. Includes modern English translations of the "Dit du Mercier" and Rutebeuf's "Dit de l'Herberie."</text>
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  <item itemId="269618" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777385">
              <text>Kline, Daniel T.</text>
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              <text>Joel T. Rosenthal, ed. Essays on Medieval Childhood: Responses to Recent Debates (Donington, Lincolnshire: Shaun Tyas, 2007), pp. 108-23.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777387">
              <text>2007</text>
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              <text>Essays on Medieval Childhood: Responses to Recent Debates.</text>
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              <text>Rosenthal, Joel T., ed.</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777391">
              <text>Physician and His Tale</text>
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              <text>Sources, Analogues, and LIterary Relations</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777393">
              <text>Chaucer's Life.</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777394">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:244</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2777384">
                <text>Wardship and Raptus in the Physician's Tale</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2825836">
                <text>Chaucer's additions to his sources in PhyT emphasize the "domestic contours" of the story. PhyT is a critique of the "social efficacy of the patriarchal family." Virginius first fails to protect his daughter and then murders her; he is "no better a governor of his family than Apius is of the region." The court case in PhyT reflects Chaucer's own experiences with court proceedings that involve raptus.</text>
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  <item itemId="269617" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777372">
              <text>Giaccherini, Enrico.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777373">
              <text>Silvia Bigliazzi and Sharon Wood, eds. Collaboration in the Arts from the Middle Ages to the Present (Burlington, Vt.: Ashgate, 2006), pp. 7-15.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777374">
              <text>2006</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777375">
              <text>Collaboration in the Arts from the Middle Ages to the Present.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777376">
              <text>Wood, Sharon, ed.</text>
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              <text>Bigliazzi, Silvia, ed.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777379">
              <text>Physician and His Tale</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777380">
              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="104">
          <name>Series</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777381">
              <text>Studies in European Cultural Transition, no. 35.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777382">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:243</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2777371">
                <text>Tradition as Collaboration: The Public and the Private in the Physician's Tale</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2825837">
                <text>Giaccherini reads PhyT as an experiment in "collaboration"--Chaucer's adaptation of the plot from Livy and the Roman de la Rose--that develops a concern for the private realm while downplaying the public.</text>
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  <item itemId="269616" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777363">
              <text>Crafton, John Micheal.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777364">
              <text>ANQ 20.1 (2007): 8-13.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777365">
              <text>2007</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777367">
              <text>Physician and His Tale</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777368">
              <text>ANQ: A Quarterly Journal 20 (2007)</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777369">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:242</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2777362">
                <text>'The Physician's Tale' and Jephtha's Daughter</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2777366">
                <text>Middle English sermons and manuals of vices and virtues indicate that Chaucer's audience would have understood Jephtha's daughter as a figure of a loose woman. Through allusion to her, Chaucer creates a painfully ironic moment that characterizes Virginius as a false or foolish judge and Virginia as a victim of lust, corruption, and stupidity.</text>
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  <item itemId="269615" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777353">
              <text>Crafton, John Micheal.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777354">
              <text>Philological Quarterly 84 (2005): 259-85.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777355">
              <text>2005</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777357">
              <text>Physician and His Tale</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777358">
              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777359">
              <text>Philological Quarterly 84 (2005)</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777360">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:241</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
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    </itemType>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2777352">
                <text>'The cause of everiche maladye': A New Source of the Physician's Tale</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2777356">
                <text>As a treatise on continence, the last chapter of the "Summa virtutem remediis anime" provides significant analogues to PhyT. Virginia represents true virginity and in her martyrdom appears saintly. Virginius represents foolish virginity, especially given his sacrifice of his daughter, a sacrifice made unnecessary and cruel in light of the source text, which locates virginity in the spirit--not the flesh.</text>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="269614" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            </element>
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777344">
              <text>Lipton, Emma.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777345">
              <text>Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 2007.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777346">
              <text>2007</text>
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        <element elementId="99">
          <name>Physical Description</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777347">
              <text>x, 246 pp.</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777349">
              <text>Franklin and His Tale</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777350">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:240</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2777343">
                <text>Affections of the Mind: The Politics of Sacramental Marriage in Late Medieval English Literature</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2825838">
                <text>Depictions of marriage in a range of late Middle English texts engage concerns with lay and ecclesiastical authority and promote interests of "the lay middle strata." The book opens with a reading of how FranT expresses in its "discourse of mutuality" a "vocabulary for promoting civic values" appropriate to the Franklin's social position. Subsequent chapters consider Gower's "Traitié pour Essampler les Amantz Marietz," the N-Town Mary plays, and "The Book of Margery Kempe."</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777334">
              <text>Lee, Dongchoon.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777335">
              <text>Medieval and Early Modern English Studies 14 (2006): 265-300.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777336">
              <text>2007</text>
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              <text>Franklin and His Tale</text>
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              <text>Medieval and Early Modern English Studies 14 (2006).</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 31:239</text>
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                <text>he Franklin's Tale: A Moral Tale or a Fiction?</text>
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                <text>Reads FranT as Chaucer's satiric portrayal of the narrator, focusing on the character of the Franklin, contradictions within his narrative, his characters' concern with public show, and legal aspects of Arveragus and Dorigen's clandestine marriage.</text>
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                <text>In Korean, with English abstract.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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              <text>Haas, Kurtis B.</text>
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              <text>Journal of English and Germanic Philology 106 (2007): 45-63.</text>
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          <name>Date</name>
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              <text>Franklin and His Tale</text>
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              <text>Journal of English and Germanic Philology 106 (2007)</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777331">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:238</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2777324">
                <text>'The Franklin's Tale' and the Medieval Trivium: A Call for Critical Thinking</text>
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                <text>Dorigen and Arveragus of FranT "demonstrate . . . deficiency in the cognitive skills inculcated by the medieval trivium," making them "vulnerable to the Orleans clerk's corruptions of the quadrivium." Weak critical thinking undermines their ability to behave ethically, and FranT exposes a society in which "elementary reasoning skills have been lost to pseudoscience and thickheaded versions of chivalric honor."</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777314">
              <text>Conrad-O'Briain, Helen.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>Philip Coleman, ed. On Literature and Science: Essays, Reflections, Provocation (Dublin: Four Courts Press), 2007, pp. 27-42.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
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              <text>2007</text>
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              <text>On Literature and Science: Essays, Reflections, Provocation.</text>
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              <text>Coleman, Philip, ed.</text>
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              <text>Franklin and His Tale</text>
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              <text>Canon's Yeoman and His Tale.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777322">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:237</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Chaucer, Technology, and the Rise of Science Fiction in English</text>
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                <text>Considers FranT rather than CYT Chaucer's clearest contribution to science fiction, a genre here presented with an ancient legacy. In FranT, Chaucer uses the "tension at the heart of science fiction--between the possible and the not necessarily impossible--to intensify the misdirection of human desires and strivings."</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777304">
              <text>Calabrese, Michael.</text>
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              <text>SAC 29 (2007): 259-92.</text>
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          <name>Date</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777306">
              <text>2007</text>
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              <text>Franklin and His Tale</text>
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              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
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              <text>Studies in the Age of Chaucer 29 (2007)</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 31:236</text>
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                <text>Chaucer's Dorigen and Boccaccio's Female Voices</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Hard and soft analogues to Dorigen's conversations with Aurelius in FranT indicate that she is less a victim than someone playfully complicit in "flirtation." Offering "positive rhetorical models," Boccaccio and Christine de Pizan depict women who effectively use language to "rout the advances of unwanted suitors," while Dorigen's words evoke the "inflammation of anxious desire in herself, her neighbor, and her husband."</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777295">
              <text>Jones, Lindsey M.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777296">
              <text>Style 41 (2007): 300-318.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777297">
              <text>2007</text>
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          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777299">
              <text>Squire and His Tale</text>
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          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777300">
              <text>Style 41 (2007)</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777301">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:235</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2777294">
                <text>Chaucer's Anxiety of Poetic Craft: The Squire's Tale</text>
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                <text>SqT illustrates how "a poet may come to poetic and prosodic mastery." Chaucer's conscious creation of an inept teller who overuses or misuses rhyme, enjambment, and caesura illustrates the difficult process of maturing as a poet.</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777285">
              <text>Crane, Susan.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777286">
              <text>SAC 29 (2007): 23-41.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777287">
              <text>2007</text>
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          <name>Alternative Title</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2777288">
              <text>Biennial Chaucer Lecture, The New Chaucer Society, Fifteenth International Congress, 27-31 July 2006, Fordham University.</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777290">
              <text>Squire and His Tale</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777291">
              <text>Studies in the Age of Chaucer 29 (2007)</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2777292">
              <text>vxl SAC 31:234</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2777284">
                <text>For the Birds</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2777289">
                <text>The two portions of SqT align the cultural differences between the Mamluk emissary and the Mongol court with the species differences between the falcon and Canacee. Capitalizing on symbolic, metonymic connections between animals and humans and reflecting the Middle English dual meaning of kynde (denoting both species and compassionate), the bird section diminishes the orientalism of the court scene and poses possibilities for interspecies compassion.</text>
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