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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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              <text>Fry, Donald K.</text>
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              <text>English Language Notes 9 (1971): 81-85.</text>
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              <text>1971</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
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              <text>Troilus and Criseyde</text>
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              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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              <text>English Language Notes 09 (1971)</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
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              <text>mea; 04/07/2016 No SAC</text>
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                <text>Chaucer's Zanzis and a Possible Source for 'Troilus and Criseyde,' IV, 407-413</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Proposes that Cicero's "De Inventione" is the source of TC 4.407-13; the subsequent reference (4.414-15) to "Zanzis" is Chaucer's corruption of "Zeuxis."</text>
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  <item itemId="262206" public="1" featured="0">
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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            <elementText elementTextId="2702546">
              <text>Chance, Jane.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2702547">
              <text>Jane Chance, ed.  The Mythographic Art: Classical Fable and the Rise of the Vernacular in Early France and England (Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1990), pp. 177-98.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2702548">
              <text>1990</text>
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        <element elementId="108">
          <name>Alternative Title</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2702549">
              <text>The Mythographic Art: Classical Fable and the Rise of the Vernacular in Early France and England.</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2702552">
              <text>General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2702553">
              <text>Troilus and Criseyde.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2702554">
              <text>Legend of Good Women.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2702555">
              <text>Book of the Duchess.</text>
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        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
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              <text>jules - 26/10/94 SAC 14 (153)</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Chaucer's Zephirus, Dante's Zefiro, St. Dominic, and the Idea of the 'General Prologue'</text>
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                <text>Examines several mythological winds and traces the use of Zephirus as a "revivifying wind" in Isidore, Bersuire, and Boethius.  Chaucer uses the myth of Zephirus and Flora in BD to suggest psychological healing; in TC 5.10, for ironic effect; in LGWP, to suggest the marriage of heaven and earth; in the "Legend of Hypermnestra" (LGW 2681), for ironic purposes; and in GP as a "poetic correlative for spiritual renewal."</text>
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                <text>Authors before Chaucer (Dante, Boccaccio), and Chaucer in his early work, used Zephirus as an "agent of macrocosmic amd microcosmic life and generation understood on the physical and spiritual--even Christian--levels."  Appropriate to the tensions in CT, Zephirus in GP represents a tension between pagan and Christian.</text>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2803343">
              <text>Rutledge, Sheryl P.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2803344">
              <text>Costerus 9 (1973): 117-43.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2803345">
              <text>1973</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2803347">
              <text>Canterbury Tales--General</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2803348">
              <text>Costerus 09 (1973)</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2803349">
              <text>mea; 4/6/2015 No SAC</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2803342">
                <text>Chaucer's Zodiac of Tales</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2803346">
                <text>Argues that CT reflects "astrological schema" and traces the evidence of a single cycle of the twelve signs in GP (Aries and Taurus), KnT (Gemini), MilT (Cancer), RvT (Leo), CkT (Virgo), MLT (Libra), WBPT (Scorpio), FrT (Sagittarius), SumT (Capricorn), ClT (Aquarius), and MerT (Pisces), reading details of plot, character, and theme in light of astrological tradition.</text>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="277629" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2854646">
              <text>Wurtele, Douglas James. </text>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2854647">
              <text>Ph.D. McGill University, 1968. Fully accessible via https://escholarship.mcgill.ca/downloads/mg74qp76z.pdf (accessed April 24, 2026).</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="99">
          <name>Physical Description</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2854648">
              <text>241 pp.</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2854649">
              <text>Style and Versification&#13;
Man of Law and His Tale&#13;
Clerk and His Tale&#13;
Wife of Bath and Her Tale</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2854650">
              <text>mea; 4/24/2026</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2854651">
              <text>1968</text>
            </elementText>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2854644">
                <text>Chaucer’s Man of Law and Clerk as Rhetoricians: Narrative and Dramatic Levels of Decorum.</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2854645">
                <text>Shows how MLT and ClT "prove Chaucer's functional use of rhetoric for purposes of decorum," considering the characterizations of the narrators', their uses of rhetoric, and their intentions. Considers source materials, comments on the Wife of Bath, and argues for Chaucer's "hitherto unrecognized achievement in decorum."</text>
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  <item itemId="272735" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2809992">
              <text>Joseph, Gerhard.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2809993">
              <text>Chaucer Review 5.2 (1970): 83-96.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2809994">
              <text>1970</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2809996">
              <text>Canterbury Tales--General</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2809997">
              <text>Knight and His Tale</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2809998">
              <text>Miller and His Tale</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2809999">
              <text>Reeve and His Tale</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2810000">
              <text>Chaucer Review 05 (1970)</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2810001">
              <text>mea; 07/14/2016 No SAC</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2809991">
                <text>Chaucerian 'Game'-'Earnest' and the 'Argument of Herbergage' in 'The Canterbury Tales'</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2809995">
                <text>Explores in CT the dynamic between with expansive spaces and narrow ones, especially as they correlate with views of the world that are variously serious or playful. Considers the intertextuality of KnT and the fabliaux of Part 1 of CT as a paradigm of this dynamic and comments on how it is evident elsewhere in the poem, particularly in the pilgrimage itself.  Paradoxically, Chaucer seems to indicate that the opposed principles "are inseparable in the human condition."</text>
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  <item itemId="261822" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2698805">
              <text>Blodgett, E. D.</text>
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        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2698806">
              <text>Speculum 51 (1976): 477-93.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2698807">
              <text>1976</text>
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        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2698809">
              <text>Language and Word Studies.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2698810">
              <text>Miller and His Tale.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2698811">
              <text>Speculum 51 (1976)</text>
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              <text>jules - 20/9/94 SAC 1 (21)</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Chaucerian 'Pryvetee' and the Opposition to Time</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Medieval and classical notions of space and time cause "pryvetee" to be related to "oiseuse" and "otium."  Spatial relationships emphasize that major events, like the little fall which occurs in the carpenter's house in MilT, are arranged around a downward view.  Throughout the First Fragment that view reduces steadily.</text>
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  <item itemId="266767" public="1" featured="0">
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              <text>Allman, Wendy West.</text>
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              <text>Parliament of Fowls.</text>
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              <text>jules SAC 22 - 93</text>
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                <text>Chaucer's uses of political discourse intersect with his concerns about poetic authority.  In PF, "commune profyt" represents both an equivocal political ideal and an idealized community of readers.  In KnT, just as Theseus aestheticizes his reign, the narrator casts his narrative as a foundation myth.  ClT comments on political tyranny and the tyranny of poetic authority.</text>
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              <text>Kumamoto University Social and Cultural Studies 16 (2018): 61-76. </text>
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              <text>Language and Word Studies&#13;
Troilus and Criseyde</text>
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              <text>mea; SAC 42:65</text>
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                <text>Chaucerian "Tone": A Tentative Study on Chaucer's Poetic Language.</text>
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                <text>Examines words and expressions that generate the "'emotive' or 'lyrical' mood" in Chaucer's works, especially those in TC.</text>
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              <text>Knapp, Peggy A.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.</text>
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                <text>Applies Kantian aesthetic principles to "display the interanimation of sensible detail with intelligible order" in TC and CT and considers the two poems in light of Hans-Georg Gadamer (on art of the past), Ludwig Wittgenstein (intellectual play), and Antonio Damasio and Daniel Dennett (cognitive theory).</text>
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                <text>"Why Aesthetics?" is the topic of the initial chapter, and the second chapter explores Augustinian roots of Chaucer's ideas of beauty in verisimilitude, coherence, proportionality, clarity, and usefulness, along with distrust of imagination. Five subsequent chapters apply these concerns to TC and CT, focused on topics of play and genre, "individual personhood" and typicality, the lures and joys of female beauty, humor and disinterestedness, and community and nuances of social good.</text>
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              <text>Gilbert, Gaelen.</text>
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              <text>Myra Seaman, Eileen A. Joy, and Nicola Masciandaro, eds. Dark Chaucer: An Assortment (Brooklyn, N. Y.: Punctum Books, 2012), pp. 43-57.</text>
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                <text>Chaucerian Afterlives: Reception and Eschatology</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2800482">
                <text>Claims that "Chaucer is eschatological" with a recurrent focus on "death, judgment, hell, and heaven," but that he also anticipates in Ret how readers might associate Chaucer the author with Chaucer's texts, thus encouraging "a dynamic of textual dispossession."</text>
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  <item itemId="272063" public="1" featured="0">
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          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Robbins, Rossell Hope.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>Albert E. Hartung, gen. ed. A Manual of the Writings in Middle English, 1050-1500, Volume 4, Part 11 (Hamden Conn.: Shoe String Press, 1973), pp. 1285-1306.</text>
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              <text>Manual of the Writings in Middle English, 1050-1500.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2802983">
                <text>A bibliography of the resources that pertain to the study of Chaucerian apocrypha (background studies, manuscripts and editions, and critical essays), arranged by the titles of the works.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="2700352">
              <text>Dean, Nancy.</text>
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        <element elementId="98">
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              <text>jules - 6/10/94 SAC 1 (172)</text>
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                <text>Chaucerian Attitudes towards Joy with Particular Consideration of the 'Nun's Priest's Tale'</text>
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                <text>Chaucer sees joy in Boethian terms as arising form what a man loves.  Unlike the Man of Law and the Monk, the Nun's Priest affirms both worldly joy and heavenly bliss; he suggests that lost joy may be recovered if one, like Chauntecleer, actively uses one's perception and will.</text>
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              <text>Spearing, A. C.</text>
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              <text>Piero Boitani and Anna Torti, eds.  Literature in Fourteenth-Century England (Tubingen: Gunter Narr; Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 1983), pp. 185-202.</text>
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        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2740286">
              <text>1983</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="108">
          <name>Alternative Title</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2740287">
              <text>Literature in Fourteenth-Century England.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2740289">
              <text>Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2740290">
              <text>Chaucer's Influence and Later Allusion.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2740291">
              <text>mea SAC 07 (71)--additional</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2740283">
                <text>Chaucerian Authority and Inheritance</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2740288">
                <text>Explores relations between literary inheritance and father-child relations in Chaucer's works.  Chaucer's "unfavourable attitude toward the power of the father" is reflected in his plots and his attitudes toward his literary ancestry.  Of Chaucer's descendants, Skelton, Henryson, and Douglas inherited "skeptical independence" from Chaucer.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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  <item itemId="261320" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2693810">
              <text>Hill, John M.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2693811">
              <text>New Haven, Conn., and London: Yale University Press, 1991.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2693812">
              <text>1991</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="99">
          <name>Physical Description</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2693813">
              <text>204 pp.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2693816">
              <text>Background and General Criticism.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2693817">
              <text>mea</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2693809">
                <text>Chaucerian Belief: The Poetics of Reverence and Delight</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2693814">
                <text>Chaucer's works explore and promote "cognitive credence"--belief as a way of knowing the truths reflected in fiction. In BD, HF, PF, and LGWP, the narrators' confrontations with various fictions show that belief and emotional involvement are prerequisites for approaching the truth of tales.  CT is best understood not as a rhetorical or a dramatic variety of tellers and tales but as a series of experiments in representing affectively the feelings, beliefs,</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2693815">
                <text>  and perceptions of narrators and audience who seek to state or find truth.  Fragment VII is central to understanding Chaucer's reverential epistemology of fiction but SNT, CYT, ManT, SqT, and FranT also reflect his examinations.  Since such an epistemology is exploratory rather than exclamatory,ParsT may not be part of CT.</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
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        <element elementId="110">
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          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2846819">
              <text>Renoir, Alain.</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2846820">
              <text>Modern Language Notes 71.4 (1956): 249-56.</text>
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        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2846821">
              <text>Modern Language Notes 71 (1956)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2846822">
              <text>Chaucer's Influence and Later Allusion</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2846823">
              <text>mea; 12/9/2024</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2846824">
              <text>1956</text>
            </elementText>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2846817">
                <text>Chaucerian Character Names in Lydgate's "Siege of Thebes."</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2846818">
                <text>Charts the charactonyms of Lydgate's "Seige of Thebes" with those used in two analogues, possibly sources--the "Roman de Edipus" and the "Ystoire de Thèbes--comparing them with names and spellings used by Chaucer. When Lydgate departs from Chaucer's usage, he tends to follow the "Edipus."</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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  <item itemId="265923" public="1" featured="0">
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2739129">
              <text>Arfin, William.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2739130">
              <text>Critical Review 35 (1995): 64-80.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2739131">
              <text>1995</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2739134">
              <text>Wife of Bath and Her Tale.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2739135">
              <text>Critical Review 35 (1995)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2739136">
              <text>jules SAC 19 (1997) - 192</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2739128">
                <text>Chaucerian Choice: Formal and Thematic Considerations in the 'Wife of Bath's Tale'</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2739132">
                <text>Arfin considers WBT as a "demande," written toward the end of the composition of CT as Chaucer's comment on "the collection as a whole" or on the "nature of literature in general" in his work-in-progress.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2739133">
                <text>In discussing ethics and choice, the article makes passing references to the Pardoner, MLT, FranT, ParsT, and Ret.</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
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      </elementSet>
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  <item itemId="264641" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="24">
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2726234">
              <text>David, Alfred.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2726235">
              <text>Mary Salu, ed.  Essays on Troilus and Criseyde (Cambridge: Brewer, 1979), pp. 90-104.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2726236">
              <text>1979</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="108">
          <name>Alternative Title</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2726237">
              <text>Essays on Troilus and Criseyde</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2726241">
              <text>Troilus and Criseyde.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2726242">
              <text>Wife of Bath and her Tale.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2726243">
              <text>jules SAC 04 (137)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2726233">
                <text>Chaucerian Comedy and Criseyde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2726238">
                <text>Recently critical emphasis has been upon the sustained irony in the tragic tale of TC.  Along with it is a peculiarly Chaucerian kind of comedy that may best be labeled "bodily laughter," because although it laughs "at" the body, it does so out of sympathy in order to affirm, not to deny, the body's values.  Unlike the prototypical Boccaccian heroine, Chaucer's creation is endowed with a sense of humor.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2726239">
                <text>Further, the poet makes fun of her quintessential femininity, as it was seen in the Middle Ages, perhaps in stereotype.  Even in the increasingly sad Books IV and V, her comic values remain.  For a worthy continuation of this kind of comedy we look to CT and to WBP.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2726240">
                <text>Though Alison of Bath is different in many ways from Criseyde,she nevertheless shares many attributes, including the comic-pathetic one whereby both are comic heroines who go round and round on Fortune's wheel and who believe in the future, beating against the current even as they are borne back ceaselessly into the past.</text>
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  <item itemId="267981" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
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      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
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      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2760667">
              <text>Mehl, Dieter.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2760668">
              <text>Deutsche Shakespeare-Gesellschaft West Jahrbuch 120  : 111-27, 1984.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2760669">
              <text>1984</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2760671">
              <text>Chaucer's Influence and Later Allusion.</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2760672">
              <text>Troilus and Criseyde.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="100">
          <name>Journal by Volume Number</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2760673">
              <text>Deutsche Shakespeare-Gesellschaft West Jahrbuch 120 (1984)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="109">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2760674">
              <text>vxl SAC 26: 77</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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      </elementContainer>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2760666">
                <text>Chaucerian Comedy and Shakespearean Tragedy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2760670">
                <text>TC inspired both Albert Brooke's The Tragicall Historye of Romeus and Juliet and Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. Shakespeare's play is a "more serious and comprehensive reading" of TC, particularly its fusion of comedy and tragedy, than is Shakespeare's later Troilus and Cressida.</text>
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  <item itemId="270899" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="521447">
                  <text>Chaucer Bibliography Online</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
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        <element elementId="110">
          <name>Author / Editor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2790744">
              <text>Mieszkowski, Gretchen.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="98">
          <name>Published</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2790745">
              <text>Albrecht Classen, ed. Laughter in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: Epistemology of a Fundamental Human Behavior, Its Meaning, and Consequences. Fundamentals of Medieval and Early Modern Culture, no. 5 (Berlin and New York: Walter de Gruyter), 2010, pp. 457-80.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="114">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2790746">
              <text>2010</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="108">
          <name>Alternative Title</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2790747">
              <text>Laughter in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: Epistemology of a Fundamental Human Behavior, Its Meaning, and Consequences.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="112">
          <name>Contributor</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2790748">
              <text>Classen, Albrecht, ed.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="102">
          <name>Chaucer Subject</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2790750">
              <text>Troilus and Criseyde</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2790751">
              <text>Miller and His Tale</text>
            </elementText>
            <elementText elementTextId="2790752">
              <text>Merchant and His Tale</text>
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                <text>Mieszkowski contrasts the situational comedy of TC and the structural comedic techniques of MilT, MerT, and SumT. Chaucer generates "all the comedy" of TC by means of Pandarus, whose comic counterpoint compels readers to reconceptualize love without obviating the romantic view. In the poem, love is both comic and transcendent.</text>
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                <text>Chaucerian Confession: Penitential Literature and the Pardoner</text>
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                <text>Confessional literature illumines the Pardoner's performance by explaining the motives which lie behind it.  Parallels with the "false confession" and an analysis of the pitfalls of despair and presumption suggest that the Pardoner is suffering from despair and trying to hide that fact from the pilgrims and himself.</text>
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              <text>Turner, Marion.</text>
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              <text>x, 213 pp.</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 31:138</text>
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                <text>Chaucerian Conflict: Languages of Antagonism in Late Fourteenth-Century London</text>
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                <text>Explores how social division and civic dissent were articulated and addressed in late fourteenth-century literature. As evident in HF, TC, and CT, Chaucer was persistently interested in the slipperiness of truth and in the power of language. Figures such as Fame and the Host, who try to control and regulate discourse, expose the difficulties inherent in trying to limit what people can say. In the house of Rumour and on the Canterbury pilgrimage, discursive conflict can run riot, resisting authoritative meaning or peaceful resolution. Mel suggests that antagonism will always force its way to the surface and that reconciliation can at most be a temporary, politic state of affairs.</text>
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              <text>Veck, Sonya.</text>
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              <text>Kathleen A. Bishop, ed. "The Canterbury Tales" Revisited--21st Century Interpretations (Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars, 2008), pp. 300-313.</text>
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              <text>"Canterbury Tales" Revisited-21st Century Interpretations.</text>
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              <text>Against Women Unconstant</text>
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              <text>vxl SAC 32:330.</text>
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                <text>Chaucerian Counterpoise in The Canterbury Tales: Implications of Newfangleness and Suffisaunce for the 21st Century Reader</text>
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                <text>Veck comments on recurrent thematic opposition between newfangleness and sufficiency or steadfastness in Wom Unc, Truth, and CT. She suggests that Chaucer complicates the opposition with examples in which "a dash of inconstancy or newfangleness would work well" (e.g., MLT and ClT).</text>
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              <text>Ridley, Florence H.</text>
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                <text>Chaucer's enduring appeal derives from his poetry's visuality,its presentation of unchanging human behavior, its deliberate ambiguity.  The broad ranges of psychological criticism are viable as long as they are understood as imaginative constructs of the critics and not the poet.</text>
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Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations</text>
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                <text>Emphasizes Chaucer's diplomatic experience in Italy to "show how Chaucer drew on the work of Petrarch and Boccaccio to experiment with fictionalised&#13;
forms of the ambassadorial process."</text>
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                <text>Edits four works ("The Boke of Cupide, God of Love," "A Complaynte of a Lovers Lyfe," "The Quare of Jelusy," and "La Belle Dame sans Mercy"), all except the "Quare" once attributed to Chaucer.</text>
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                <text>Includes for each an introduction; the text, with obscure terms defined in the margins; explanatory notes; and textual notes. The volume also contains a glossary and bibliography. Seeks to bring these works out from Chaucer's shadow.</text>
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